Ethiopia has set a goal to eliminate malaria by 2030; Artemether–lumefantrine (AL) is put as one of the cornerstone strategies for uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria treatment. However, only focusing on prescribing of the treatment without assessing patients’ adherence could lead to the resistance of the drug. In Ethiopia, there is limited evidence about patients’ adherence to AL and its influencing factors. Therefore, this study aimed at addressing this information gap. A health facility based cross-sectional study was employed. Participants were selected using simple random sampling technique from registration books of the public health facilities in AsgedeTsimbla. Data were collected from March 24th to April 30th, 2018. We interviewed participants using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, and the blister pack was also inspected at their homes on day 4. Data were entered into Epi-Info and analyzed using SPSS 21. Odds ratios with 95% Confidence Intervals were estimated and the level of significance was declared at p-value ≤ 0.05. A total of 384 study participants were interviewed with a response rate of 95.5%. The overall AL adherence was 53.6% (95% CI 48.4–58.3%). Children aged < 5 years [AOR: 0.4, 95% CI (0.2–0.8)], and being treated in health post [AOR: 0.3, 95% CI (0.1–0.5)] were more likely to show AL adherence whereas illiteracy [AOR: 9.4, 95% CI (4.2–21.3)], didn’t know the consequence of discontinued AL [AOR: 4.0, 95% CI (2.1–7.6)], had concomitant drugs [AOR: 2.5, 95% CI (1.4–4.5)], and stopped/saved drug when improved before tablet got finished [AOR: 3.2, 95% CI (1.7–5.9)] were factors less likely to be associated with AL adherence. AL adherence was low. Children aged < 5 years, and being treated in health post were determinants of AL adherence whereas illiteracy, didn’t know the consequence of discontinued the drug, had concomitant drugs, and stopped/saved drug when improved before tablet got finished were factors that hindered the AL adherence. Stakeholders should emphasize designing appropriate strategies including educational interventions to increase the AL adherence and prevent drug resistance. Further research should be conducted to evaluate AL resistance.

中文翻译：

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访问埃塞俄比亚提格雷 AsgedeTsimbla 区公共卫生设施的无并发症恶性疟原虫疟疾患者的蒿甲醚-苯芴醇治疗依从性：横断面研究

埃塞俄比亚制定了到 2030 年消除疟疾的目标；蒿甲醚-芴芴醇 (AL) 被认为是简单的恶性疟原虫疟疾治疗的基石策略之一。然而，只专注于治疗处方而不评估患者的依从性可能会导致药物的耐药性。在埃塞俄比亚，关于患者对 AL 的依从性及其影响因素的证据有限。因此，本研究旨在解决这一信息差距。采用了基于卫生机构的横断面研究。参与者是使用简单的随机抽样技术从 AsgedeTsimbla 的公共卫生设施登记簿中选出的。数据收集时间为 2018 年 3 月 24 日至 4 月 30 日。我们使用预先测试的结构化问卷采访了参与者，第 4 天，他们还在家里检查了泡罩包装。将数据输入 Epi-Info 并使用 SPSS 21 进行分析。估计了 95% 置信区间的优势比，并在 p 值 ≤ 0.05 时声明了显着性水平。共有 384 名研究参与者接受了采访，回应率为 95.5%。AL 的总体依从性为 53.6%（95% CI 48.4–58.3%）。< 5 岁的儿童 [AOR: 0.4, 95% CI (0.2-0.8)] 和在健康岗位接受治疗 [AOR: 0.3, 95% CI (0.1-0.5)] 更有可能表现出 AL 依从性，而文盲 [ AOR：9.4，95% CI (4.2–21.3)]，不知道终止 AL 的后果 [AOR：4.0，95% CI (2.1–7.6)]，有伴随药物 [AOR：2.5，95% CI ( 1.4–4.5)]，并且在片剂完成前改善时停止/保存药物 [AOR：3.2，95% CI (1.7–5. 9)] 是不太可能与 AL 依从性相关的因素。AL 依从性低。< 5 岁和在卫生站接受治疗的儿童是 AL 依从性的决定因素，而文盲、不知道停药的后果、有伴随药物以及在药片完成之前停止/保存药物是阻碍AL 依从性。利益相关者应强调设计适当的策略，包括教育干预，以提高 AL 依从性和预防耐药性。应进行进一步研究以评估 AL 抗性。在片剂完成之前停止/保存药物是阻碍 AL 依从性的因素。利益相关者应强调设计适当的策略，包括教育干预，以提高 AL 依从性和预防耐药性。应进行进一步研究以评估 AL 抗性。在片剂完成之前停止/保存药物是阻碍 AL 依从性的因素。利益相关者应强调设计适当的策略，包括教育干预，以提高 AL 依从性和预防耐药性。应进行进一步研究以评估 AL 抗性。