Wireless sensor networks, as a multi-hop self-organized network system formed by wireless communication, are vulnerable to malware diffusion by breaking the data confidentiality and service availability, owing to their low configuration and weak defense mechanism. To reveal the rules of malware diffusion in the really deployed wireless sensor networks, we propose a model called Malware Diffusion Based on Cellular Automaton to describe the dynamics of malware diffusion based on cellular automaton. According to the model, we first analyze and obtain the differential equations, which can reflect the various state dynamics of sensor nodes with cellular automaton. Then, we attain the equilibrium points of the model Malware Diffusion Based on Cellular Automaton to determine the threshold for whether malware will diffuse or die out in wireless sensor networks. Furthermore, we compute the basic regeneration number of the model Malware Diffusion Based on Cellular Automaton using the next-generation matrix and prove the stability of the equilibrium points. Finally, via experimental simulation, we verify the effectiveness of the model Malware Diffusion Based on Cellular Automaton, which can provide administrators with the theoretical guidance on suppressing malware diffusion in wireless sensor networks.

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基于元胞自动机的无线传感器网络恶意软件扩散建模与分析

无线传感器网络作为由无线通信形成的多跳自组织网络系统，由于其配置低、防御机制薄弱，容易破坏数据机密性和服务可用性，从而容易受到恶意软件的传播。为了揭示真正部署的无线传感器网络中恶意软件扩散的规则，我们提出了一种称为基于元胞自动机的恶意软件扩散模型来描述基于元胞自动机的恶意软件扩散动态。根据模型，我们首先分析得到微分方程，该微分方程可以反映具有元胞自动机的传感器节点的各种状态动态。然后，我们获得了基于元胞自动机的恶意软件扩散模型的平衡点，以确定恶意软件是否会在无线传感器网络中扩散或消失的阈值。此外，我们使用下一代矩阵计算了基于元胞自动机的恶意软件扩散模型的基本再生数，并证明了平衡点的稳定性。最后，通过实验仿真验证了基于元胞自动机的恶意软件扩散模型的有效性，可为管理员在无线传感器网络中抑制恶意软件扩散提供理论指导。