Prediction of health risks associated with exposure to mixed beams of high- and low-linear energy transfer ionizing radiation is based on the assumption that the biological effect caused by mixed radiation equals the sum of effects resulting from the action of individual beam components. Experimental studies have demonstrated that the cellular effects in cells exposed to mixed radiations are higher than that calculated based on the assumption of additivity. The present work contains a comparative analysis of published results on chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to mixed beams of alpha particles and X-rays with computer simulations using the PARTRAC program based on Monte Carlo methods. PARTRAC was used to calculate the levels of DNA single-strand breaks (SSB) and double-strand breaks (DSB—both complex and simple) and the level of chromosomal aberrations. SSB and DSB yields were found to be additive. A synergistic effect was obtained at the level of chromosomal aberrations, being in good agreement with the experimental results. This result demonstrates that the synergistic action of mixed beams results from processing of SSB and DSB and not from their initial frequencies. The level of synergy was dependent on the composition of the mixed beam, with highest level at 50:50 ratio of alpha particles and X-rays.

与高和低线性能量转移电离辐射的混合束接触有关的健康风险的预测是基于这样的假设，即混合辐射引起的生物学效应等于各个束成分的作用之和。实验研究表明，暴露于混合辐射的细胞的细胞效应要高于根据可加性假设计算得出的效应。本工作包含使用基于Monte Carlo方法的PARTRAC程序的计算机模拟，对暴露于α粒子和X射线混合束的人外周血淋巴细胞中的染色体畸变发表的结果进行比较分析。PARTRAC用于计算DNA单链断裂（SSB）和双链断裂（DSB-复杂和简单）的水平以及染色体畸变的水平。发现SSB和DSB的产量是可加的。在染色体畸变水平上获得了协同作用，与实验结果吻合良好。该结果表明，混合波束的协同作用是由SSB和DSB的处理引起的，而不是由它们的初始频率引起的。协同作用的水平取决于混合光束的组成，α粒子和X射线的比例最高为50:50。该结果表明，混合波束的协同作用是由SSB和DSB的处理引起的，而不是由它们的初始频率引起的。协同作用的水平取决于混合光束的组成，α粒子和X射线的比例最高为50:50。该结果表明，混合波束的协同作用是由SSB和DSB的处理引起的，而不是由它们的初始频率引起的。协同作用的水平取决于混合光束的组成，α粒子和X射线的比例最高为50:50。