Here we tell the story of ivermectin, describing its anthelmintic and insecticidal actions and recent studies that have sought to reposition ivermectin for the treatment of other diseases that are not caused by helminth and insect parasites. The standard theory of its anthelmintic and insecticidal mode of action is that it is a selective positive allosteric modulator of glutamate-gated chloride channels found in nematodes and insects. At higher concentrations, ivermectin also acts as an allosteric modulator of ion channels found in host central nervous systems. In addition, in tissue culture, at concentrations higher than anthelmintic concentrations, ivermectin shows antiviral, antimalarial, antimetabolic, and anticancer effects. Caution is required before extrapolating from these preliminary repositioning experiments to clinical use, particularly for Covid-19 treatment, because of the high concentrations of ivermectin used in tissue-culture experiments.

在这里，我们讲述伊维菌素的故事，描述其驱虫和杀虫作用，以及最近试图重新定位伊维菌素以治疗其他不是由蠕虫和昆虫寄生虫引起的疾病的研究。其驱虫和杀虫作用模式的标准理论是，它是在线虫和昆虫中发现的谷氨酸门控氯离子通道的选择性正变构调节剂。在较高浓度下，伊维菌素还可作为宿主中枢神经系统中离子通道的变构调节剂。此外，在组织培养中，当浓度高于驱虫药浓度时，伊维菌素显示出抗病毒、抗疟、抗代谢和抗癌作用。在从这些初步的重新定位实验外推到临床使用之前，需要谨慎，