Abstract In-plane anisotropy of linear and nonlinear magnetoelectric (ME) effects in a heterostructure composed of mechanically coupled layers of amorphous iron-based ferromagnet and piezoelectric lead zirconate-titanate ceramics has been investigated. The measurements were performed on a disk-shaped sample subjected to a low-frequency excitation magnetic field h oriented either parallel or perpendicular to a bias magnetic field H0. The first harmonic of the voltage response was recorded in the case of the linear ME effect, which was excited at frequencies of acoustic resonances of the sample, and the second harmonic in the case of the nonlinear ME effect excited in the non-resonance regime. Strong uniaxial or biaxial anisotropy for different directions of the bias field within the sample plane was observed. The uniaxial anisotropy of the ME effect occurs due to the uniaxial magnetic and magnetostrictive anisotropy of the amorphous ferromagnetic layer that is a result of its fabrication by the ultrafast cooling method. The biaxial anisotropy at resonant frequencies is the manifestation of the spatial structure of the excited acoustic modes. The anisotropy of ME effects should be taken into account when developing magnetoelectric devices based on composite heterostructures.

中文翻译：

---

非晶铁磁-压电异质结构中磁电效应的各向异性

摘要 研究了由非晶铁基铁磁体和压电锆钛酸铅陶瓷的机械耦合层组成的异质结构中线性和非线性磁电 (ME) 效应的面内各向异性。测量是在盘形样品上进行的，该样品受到低频激励磁场 h 的作用，该磁场平行或垂直于偏置磁场 H0。在线性 ME 效应的情况下记录电压响应的第一次谐波，其在样品的声共振频率下被激发，而在非线性 ME 效应的情况下在非共振状态下被激发，记录了第二次谐波。观察到样品平面内偏置场不同方向的强单轴或双轴各向异性。ME 效应的单轴各向异性是由于非晶铁磁层的单轴磁性和磁致伸缩各向异性，这是其通过超快冷却方法制造的结果。共振频率下的双轴各向异性是激发声模式空间结构的表现。在开发基于复合异质结构的磁电器件时，应考虑 ME 效应的各向异性。