Major accidents have catastrophic effects on humans and all of society. To prevent the occurrence of major accidents, it is essential to strengthen the management of major hazard installations. Generally, effective identification and reasonable evaluation of major hazard installations are the basic steps in safety management. At present, the evaluation methods for major hazard installations mainly focus on consequence analysis and probabilistic analysis without considering the vulnerability of hazard-affected bodies. Therefore, the proposed method will introduce regional disaster system theory and comprehensively analyze hazard-formative factors, the hazard-formative environment and hazard-affected bodies to achieve a more complete and effective assessment of major hazard installations. Hazard-formative factors are evaluated based on the rapid ranking method, hazard-formative environments are evaluated based on Bayesian networks, and hazard-affected bodies are evaluated based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. A tank group and a chemical industrial park are used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the new method.

重大事故对人类和整个社会造成灾难性影响。为防止发生重大事故，必须加强重大危险设施的管理。通常，有效识别和合理评估主要危险设施是安全管理的基本步骤。目前，重大危险源的评估方法主要集中在后果分析和概率分析上，而没有考虑受灾主体的脆弱性。因此，所提出的方法将引入区域灾害系统理论，并全面分析危害形成因素，危害形成环境和受害机构，以对主要危害设施进行更完整和有效的评估。基于快速排序方法评估危害形成因素，基于贝叶斯网络评估危害形成环境，基于模糊综合评价方法评估危害影响物体。一个坦克组和一个化学工业园区被用来验证新方法的可行性和有效性。