Abstract With flexibility in tuning their electric and magnetic properties, multiferroics can be used in information exchange and storage in ways that are very different from the present electronic materials. Here we use resonant soft x-ray scattering spectroscopy to study the F -type ( 0 , τ , 0 ) and C -type (0, 1- 2 τ , 0) diffraction peaks from sinusoidal antiferromagnetic spin order in multiferroic DyMnO 3 . By comparing the temperature dependence of ordering wave vectors τ , peak intensities I , and correlation lengths λ measured at Mn L 2 -, O K -, and Dy M 5 -edges, we show that the nearly perfect locking between the ordering wave vectors from Dy 4 f states and Mn 3 d orbitals manifesting the second harmonic diffraction peak implies the notable orbital involvement in the coupling between Mn and Dy spins. Our DFT calculations further suggest that the lattice response to different antiferromagnetic ground states (A-type versus E-type) is much weaker in TbMnO 3 , in agreement with previous claim that the symmetric exchange interaction can be an important factor for understanding the ferroelectricity in DyMnO 3 than in TbMnO 3 .

中文翻译：

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多铁性 DyMnO3 中的磁序

摘要 由于可以灵活地调整其电学和磁学特性，多铁性材料可以以与现有电子材料截然不同的方式用于信息交换和存储。在这里，我们使用共振软 x 射线散射光谱来研究多铁性 DyMnO 3 中正弦反铁磁自旋顺序的 F 型 ( 0 , τ , 0 ) 和 C 型 (0, 1- 2 τ , 0) 衍射峰。通过比较在 Mn L 2 -、OK - 和 Dy M 5 -边缘测量的有序波矢量 τ 、峰值强度 I 和相关长度 λ 的温度依赖性，我们表明来自 Dy 的有序波矢量之间几乎完美的锁定4 f 态和 Mn 3 d 轨道表现出二次谐波衍射峰，这意味着在 Mn 和 Dy 自旋之间的耦合中有显着的轨道参与。