Abstract Understanding the response of soil microorganisms to environmental disturbance is critical to predicting rates of ecosystem processes. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) drive the rate-limiting step of nitrification. However, the effect of fertilization disturbances (organic amendments and biochemical inhibitors) on the resistance and resilience of communities of AOB and AOA is unknown. Here, we explored the responses of the AOA and AOB communities (based on abundance, diversity, richness and composition) after disturbances caused by the application of inorganic N (urea alone, IN), an organic amendment (cattle manure, OA), a urease inhibitor (NBPT) and a nitrification inhibitor (nitrapyrin) or their combination in a calcareous soil after 85 days. A relative quantitative index of both the resistance (RS) and resilience (RL) was used to assess the variation of gene communities. The AOB community α-diversity, richness and abundance rapidly increased at 7 days after IN and OA (P

中文翻译：

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氨氧化细菌对有机添加物和硝基比林的干扰敏感且没有弹性，但氨氧化古细菌具有抗性

摘要 了解土壤微生物对环境干扰的响应对于预测生态系统过程的速率至关重要。氨氧化细菌 (AOB) 和古细菌 (AOA) 驱动硝化作用的限速步骤。然而，受精干扰（有机改良剂和生化抑制剂）对 AOB 和 AOA 群落的抵抗力和恢复力的影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们探索了 AOA 和 AOB 群落（基于丰度、多样性、丰富度和组成）在无机氮（单独的尿素，IN）、有机改良剂（牛粪，OA）、 85 天后，脲酶抑制剂 (NBPT) 和硝化抑制剂 (硝吡啉) 或它们的组合在石灰质土壤中。抗性（RS）和恢复力（RL）的相对定量指数用于评估基因群落的变化。AOB群落α-多样性、丰富度和丰度在IN和OA后7天迅速增加（P