Avoidant behavior is a defining feature of pediatric anxiety disorders. Although prior research has examined it from the perspective of early information processing events, there has been relatively less consideration of the processes by which anxious youth make avoidant decisions and how these choices are reinforced over time. Studies of risk taking are valuable in this regard because they consider how individuals identify the pros and cons of their choices, how they weigh potential gains and losses and estimate their respective probabilities, and how they tolerate the uncertainty intrinsic to any decision. In this review, we place risk taking within existing models of information processing in pediatric anxiety disorders and highlight the particular value of this construct for informing models of developmental psychopathology and individual differences in outcome over time. We review existing behavioral and neurobiological studies of risk taking in anxious youth and conclude by identifying directions for future research.

中文翻译：

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小儿焦虑症中冒险行为的大脑和行为相关性

回避行为是小儿焦虑症的一个决定性特征。尽管先前的研究从早期信息处理事件的角度对其进行了研究，但对焦虑青年做出回避决定的过程以及这些选择如何随着时间的推移而得到加强的考虑相对较少。风险承担研究在这方面很有价值，因为它们考虑个人如何识别他们的选择的利弊，他们如何权衡潜在的收益和损失并估计他们各自的概率，以及他们如何容忍任何决定固有的不确定性。在本次审查中，我们将风险承担置于儿科焦虑症的现有信息处理模型中，并强调该结构在告知发育精神病理学模型和随时间推移的个体差异结果方面的特殊价值。我们回顾了现有的关于焦虑青年冒险行为的行为和神经生物学研究，并通过确定未来研究的方向得出结论。