The real-time simulation of large-scale subthalamic nucleus (STN)-external globus pallidus (GPe) network model is of great significance for the mechanism analysis and performance improvement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson’s states. This paper implements the real-time simulation of a large-scale STN-GPe network containing 512 single-compartment Hodgkin-Huxley type neurons on the Altera Stratix IV field programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware platform. At the single neuron level, some resource optimization schemes such as multiplier substitution, fixed-point operation, nonlinear function approximation and function recombination are adopted, which consists the foundation of the large-scale network realization. At the network level, the simulation scale of network is expanded using module reuse method at the cost of simulation time. The correlation coefficient between the neuron firing waveform of the FPGA platform and the MATLAB software simulation waveform is 0.9756. Under the same physiological time, the simulation speed of FPGA platform is 75 times faster than the Intel Core i7-8700K 3.70 GHz CPU 32GB RAM computer simulation speed. In addition, the established platform is used to analyze the effects of temporal pattern DBS on network firing activities. The proposed large-scale STN-GPe network meets the need of real time simulation, which would be rather helpful in designing closed-loop DBS improvement strategies.

中文翻译：

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基于FPGA的大规模STN-GPe网络实时仿真平台

大规模的丘脑下丘脑核（STN）-外部苍白球（GPe）网络模型的实时仿真对于帕金森状态的深部脑刺激（DBS）的机理分析和性能改善具有重要意义。本文在Altera Stratix IV现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）硬件平台上，对包含512个单隔室Hodgkin-Huxley型神经元的大规模STN-GPe网络进行了实时仿真。在单神经元层次上，采用了乘数替换，定点运算，非线性函数逼近和函数重组等资源优化方案，为大规模网络实现奠定了基础。在网络级别，使用模块重用方法来扩展网络的仿真规模，但会浪费仿真时间。FPGA平台的神经元触发波形与MATLAB软件仿真波形之间的相关系数为0.9756。在相同的生理时间下，FPGA平台的仿真速度比Intel Core i7-8700K 3.70 GHz CPU 32GB RAM计算机仿真速度快75倍。此外，已建立的平台用于分析时间模式DBS对网络触发活动的影响。所提出的大规模STN-GPe网络满足了实时仿真的需求，这对于设计闭环DBS改进策略很有帮助。70 GHz CPU 32GB RAM计算机仿真速度。此外，已建立的平台用于分析时间模式DBS对网络触发活动的影响。所提出的大规模STN-GPe网络满足了实时仿真的需求，这对于设计闭环DBS改进策略很有帮助。70 GHz CPU 32GB RAM计算机仿真速度。此外，已建立的平台用于分析时间模式DBS对网络触发活动的影响。所提出的大规模STN-GPe网络满足了实时仿真的需求，这对于设计闭环DBS改进策略很有帮助。