Cloud Computing enables the remote users to access data, services, and applications in on-demand from the shared pool of configurable computing resources, without the consideration of storage, hardware, and software management. On the other hand, it is not easy for cloud users to identify whether Cloud Service Provider's (CSP) tag along with the data security legal expectations. So, cloud users could not rely on CSP's in terms of trust. So, it is significant to build a secure and efficient data auditing framework for increasing and maintaining cloud users trust with CSP. Researchers suggested introducing Third Party Auditor (TPA) on behalf of cloud user for verifying the outsourced data integrity, which may reduce the computation overhead of cloud users. In this work, we proposed a novel integrity verification framework for securing cloud storage based on Ternary Hash Tree (THT) and Replica based Ternary Hash Tree (R-THT), which will be used by TPA to perform data auditing. Differing from existing work, the proposed framework performs Block-level, File-level and Replica-level auditing with tree block ordering, storage block ordering for verifying the data integrity and ensuring data availability in the cloud. We further extend our framework to support error localization with data correctness, dynamic updates with block update, insert, and delete operations in the cloud. The structure of THT and R-THT will reduce the computation cost and provide efficiency in data updates compared to the existing schemes. The security analysis of the proposed public auditing framework indicates the achievement of desired properties and performance has been evaluated with the detailed experiment set. The results show that the proposed secure cloud auditing framework is highly secure and efficient in storage, communication, and computation costs.

中文翻译：

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为安全的云数据存储启用基于三元哈希树的完整性验证

云计算使远程用户可以从可配置的计算资源共享池中按需访问数据、服务和应用程序，而无需考虑存储、硬件和软件管理。另一方面，云用户不容易识别云服务提供商（CSP）标签是否符合数据安全法律期望。因此，云用户在信任方面不能依赖 CSP。因此，构建安全高效的数据审计框架对于增加和维护云用户对 CSP 的信任具有重要意义。研究人员建议引入第三方审计师（TPA）代表云用户验证外包数据的完整性，这可能会减少云用户的计算开销。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种基于三元哈希树（THT）和基于副本的三元哈希树（R-THT）的云存储完整性验证框架，TPA将使用它来执行数据审计。与现有工作不同，所提出的框架通过树块排序、存储块排序来执行块级、文件级和副本级审计，以验证数据完整性并确保云中的数据可用性。我们进一步扩展了我们的框架，以支持数据正确性的错误定位、云中块更新、插入和删除操作的动态更新。与现有方案相比，THT 和 R-THT 的结构将降低计算成本并提供数据更新的效率。拟议的公共审计框架的安全分析表明，已使用详细的实验集评估了所需属性和性能的实现。结果表明，所提出的安全云审计框架在存储、通信和计算成本方面具有高度的安全性和高效性。