For some applications, standard resource analyses do not provide the information required. Such analyses estimate the total resource usage of a program (without executing it) as functions on input data sizes. However, some applications require knowing how such total resource usage is distributed over selected parts of a program. We propose a novel, general, and flexible framework for setting up cost equations/relations which can be instantiated for performing a wide range of resource usage analyses, including both static profiling and the inference of the standard notion of cost. We extend and generalize standard resource analysis techniques, so that the relations generated include additional Boolean control variables for switching on or off different terms in the relations, as required by the desired resource usage profile. We also instantiate our framework to perform static profiling of accumulated cost (also parameterized by input data sizes). Such information is much more useful to the software developer than the standard notion of cost: it identifies the parts of the program that have the greatest impact on the total program cost, and which therefore should be optimized first. We also report on an implementation of our framework within the CiaoPP system, and its instantiation for accumulated cost, and provide some experimental results. In addition to generality, our new method brings important advantages over our previous approach based on a program transformation, including support for non-deterministic programs, better and easier integration in the compiler, and higher efficiency.

对于某些应用程序，标准资源分析未提供所需的信息。这样的分析估计程序的总资源使用情况（不执行该程序）作为输入数据大小的函数。但是，某些应用程序需要知道如何在程序的选定部分上分配这样的总资源使用量。我们提出了一种新颖，通用，灵活的框架来建立成本方程/关系，可以对其进行实例化以执行各种资源使用情况分析，包括静态分析以及标准成本概念的推论。我们扩展并归纳了标准资源分析技术，以便所生成的关系包括其他布尔控制变量，以根据所需资源使用情况配置文件的要求打开或关闭关系中的不同术语。我们还实例化了我们的框架以执行累计成本的静态剖析（也可以通过输入数据大小进行参数化）。这些信息对软件开发人员而言比标准的成本概念要有用得多：它标识了对总程序成本影响最大的程序部分，因此应首先对其进行优化。我们还报告了CiaoPP系统中我们框架的实施情况，以及对累积成本的实例化，并提供了一些实验结果。除了通用性之外，我们的新方法还具有比以前基于程序转换的方法的重要优势，包括对非确定性程序的支持，在编译器中的集成越来越容易以及效率更高。