Abstract

Tissue damage related to bone and cartilage is a common clinical disease. Cartilage tissue has no blood vessels and nerves. The limited cell migration ability results in low endogenous healing ability. Due to the complexity of the osteochondral interface, the clinical treatment of osteochondral injury is limited. Tissue engineering provides new ideas for solving this problem. The ideal tissue engineering scaffold must have appropriate porosity, biodegradability and specific functions related to tissue regeneration, especially bioactive polymer nanofiber composite materials with controllable biodegradation rate and appropriate mechanical properties have been getting more and more research. The nanofibers produced by electrospinning have high specific surface area and suitable mechanical properties, which can effectively simulate the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) of bone or cartilage tissue. The composition of materials can affect mechanical properties, plasticity, biocompatibility and degradability of the scaffold, thereby further affect the repair efficiency. This article reviews the characteristics of polymer materials and the application of its electrospun nanofibers in bone, cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering.

摘要

与骨和软骨相关的组织损伤是一种常见的临床疾病。软骨组织没有血管和神经。有限的细胞迁移能力导致低内源性愈合能力。由于骨软骨界面的复杂性，骨软骨损伤的临床治疗受到限制。组织工程为解决这一问题提供了新思路。理想的组织工程支架必须具有适当的孔隙率、可生物降解性和与组织再生相关的特定功能，尤其是生物活性聚合物纳米纤维复合材料，生物降解速率可控，力学性能适当，得到越来越多的研究。静电纺丝生产的纳米纤维具有较高的比表面积和合适的机械性能，可有效模拟骨骼或软骨组织的天然细胞外基质（ECM）。材料的组成会影响支架的力学性能、可塑性、生物相容性和降解性，进而影响修复效率。本文综述了高分子材料的特性及其电纺纳米纤维在骨、软骨和骨软骨组织工程中的应用。