ABSTRACT Polyphenols are recognized as significant phytochemicals responsible for the health-promoting properties of honey. Their levels and chemical diversity in honey are mainly dependent on the floral and geographical origin of the honey. In this study, we investigated the influence of altitudinal variation on the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of Acacia and Ziziphus honey collected from the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. Samples were collected at four altitudes (113, 317, 511, and 576 meters above sea level). The monofloral origin of the honey was confirmed and characterized by melisopalynological analysis. The Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods were applied for the determination of TPC and TFC, respectively. Results showed that the TPC and TFC values were significantly different between Acacia and Ziziphus honey collected at the same altitudes, and both types exhibited high levels of phenolic compounds. There was a significant positive correlation between altitude and both TPC and TFC in Acacia honey. In contrast, a significant negative correlation was found between altitude and both TPC and TFC in Ziziphus honey. We concluded that altitude significantly influenced the TPC and TFC of honey and that the effects may differ based on floral origin. Further investigation is required to develop a deeper understanding of the relationship between altitude and the content of polyphenols in honey.

中文翻译：

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海拔变化对金合欢蜜和金丝蜜总酚和总黄酮含量的影响

摘要 多酚被认为是对蜂蜜促进健康的重要植物化学物质。它们在蜂蜜中的含量和化学多样性主要取决于蜂蜜的花卉和地理来源。在这项研究中，我们调查了海拔变化对从沙特阿拉伯阿西尔地区收集的金合欢和金枣蜂蜜的总酚含量 (TPC) 和总黄酮含量 (TFC) 的影响。在四个高度（海拔 113、317、511 和 576 米）收集样品。蜂蜜的单花来源通过melisopalynological 分析得到确认和表征。Folin-Ciocalteu 法和氯化铝法分别用于测定 TPC 和 TFC。结果表明，在相同海拔高度采集的金合欢蜂蜜和金合欢蜂蜜的 TPC 和 TFC 值存在显着差异，两种类型的酚类化合物含量均较高。金合欢蜂蜜的海拔高度与 TPC 和 TFC 均呈显着正相关。相比之下，在高度与 Ziziphus 蜂蜜中的 TPC 和 TFC 之间发现了显着的负相关。我们得出结论，海拔高度显着影响蜂蜜的 TPC 和 TFC，并且影响可能因花卉来源而异。需要进一步调查以更深入地了解海拔与蜂蜜中多酚含量之间的关系。金合欢蜂蜜的海拔高度与 TPC 和 TFC 均呈显着正相关。相比之下，在高度与 Ziziphus 蜂蜜中的 TPC 和 TFC 之间发现了显着的负相关。我们得出结论，海拔高度显着影响蜂蜜的 TPC 和 TFC，并且影响可能因花卉来源而异。需要进一步调查以更深入地了解海拔与蜂蜜中多酚含量之间的关系。金合欢蜂蜜的海拔高度与 TPC 和 TFC 均呈显着正相关。相比之下，在高度与 Ziziphus 蜂蜜中的 TPC 和 TFC 之间发现了显着的负相关。我们得出结论，海拔高度显着影响蜂蜜的 TPC 和 TFC，并且影响可能因花卉来源而异。需要进一步调查以更深入地了解海拔与蜂蜜中多酚含量之间的关系。