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Use of Patient-Reported Symptoms from an Online Symptom Tracking Tool for Dementia Severity Staging: Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Approach
Journal of Medical Internet Research ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 , DOI: 10.2196/20840
Aaqib Shehzad , Kenneth Rockwood , Justin Stanley , Taylor Dunn , Susan E Howlett

Background: SymptomGuide Dementia (DGI Clinical Inc) is a publicly available online symptom tracking tool to support caregivers of persons living with dementia. The value of such data are enhanced when the specific dementia stage is identified. Objective: We aimed to develop a supervised machine learning algorithm to classify dementia stages based on tracked symptoms. Methods: We employed clinical data from 717 people from 3 sources: (1) a memory clinic; (2) long-term care; and (3) an open-label trial of donepezil in vascular and mixed dementia (VASPECT). Symptoms were captured with SymptomGuide Dementia. A clinician classified participants into 4 groups using either the Functional Assessment Staging Test or the Global Deterioration Scale as mild cognitive impairment, mild dementia, moderate dementia, or severe dementia. Individualized symptom profiles from the pooled data were used to train machine learning models to predict dementia severity. Models trained with 6 different machine learning algorithms were compared using nested cross-validation to identify the best performing model. Model performance was assessed using measures of balanced accuracy, precision, recall, Cohen κ, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), and area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC). The best performing algorithm was used to train a model optimized for balanced accuracy. Results: The study population was mostly female (424/717, 59.1%), older adults (mean 77.3 years, SD 10.6, range 40-100) with mild to moderate dementia (332/717, 46.3%). Age, duration of symptoms, 37 unique dementia symptoms, and 10 symptom-derived variables were used to distinguish dementia stages. A model trained with a support vector machine learning algorithm using a one-versus-rest approach showed the best performance. The correct dementia stage was identified with 83% balanced accuracy (Cohen κ=0.81, AUPRC 0.91, AUROC 0.96). The best performance was seen when classifying severe dementia (AUROC 0.99). Conclusions: A supervised machine learning algorithm exhibited excellent performance in identifying dementia stages based on dementia symptoms reported in an online environment. This novel dementia staging algorithm can be used to describe dementia stage based on user-reported symptoms. This type of symptom recording offers real-world data that reflect important symptoms in people with dementia.

This is the abstract only. Read the full article on the JMIR site. JMIR is the leading open access journal for eHealth and healthcare in the Internet age.


中文翻译:

从在线症状追踪工具中对患者报告的症状进行痴呆严重程度分级的使用:机器学习方法的开发和验证

背景:SymptomGuide痴呆症(DGI Clinical Inc)是一个公开可用的在线症状追踪工具,可为痴呆症患者的护理人员提供支持。当确定了特定的痴呆阶段时,这些数据的价值就会提高。目的:我们旨在开发一种有监督的机器学习算法,以根据跟踪的症状对痴呆症阶段进行分类。方法:我们采用来自3个来源的717人的临床数据:(1)记忆诊所;(2)长期护理;(3)多奈哌齐治疗血管性痴呆和混合性痴呆(VASPECT)的开放标签试验。使用SymptomGuide痴呆症捕获症状。临床医生使用功能评估分期测试或整体恶化量表将参与者分为4组,分别为轻度认知障碍,轻度痴呆,中度痴呆或重度痴呆。来自合并数据的个性化症状概况用于训练机器学习模型以预测痴呆严重程度。使用嵌套的交叉验证比较了使用6种不同的机器学习算法训练的模型,以确定性能最佳的模型。使用平衡精度,精度,召回率,Cohenκ,接收器工作特性曲线下的面积(AUROC)和精确召回曲线下的面积(AUPRC)的量度来评估模型性能。最佳性能算法用于训练为平衡精度优化的模型。结果:研究人群主要为女性(424/717,59.1%),老年人(平均77.3岁,SD 10.6,范围40-100),轻度至中度痴呆(332 / 717,46.3%)。年龄,症状持续时间,37种独特的痴呆症状,并使用10个症状变量来区分痴呆阶段。使用支持向量机学习算法(使用“单反”方法)训练的模型显示出最佳性能。以83%的平衡准确度(Cohenκ= 0.81,AUPRC 0.91,AUROC 0.96)鉴定出正确的痴呆阶段。在对严重痴呆进行分类时,表现最佳(AUROC 0.99)。结论:监督型机器学习算法在基于在线环境中报告的痴呆症状识别痴呆阶段时表现出出色的性能。这种新颖的痴呆分期算法可用于根据用户报告的症状描述痴呆分期。这种症状记录可提供真实世界的数据,这些数据反映了痴呆症患者的重要症状。使用支持向量机学习算法(使用“单反”方法)训练的模型显示出最佳性能。以83%的平衡准确度(Cohenκ= 0.81,AUPRC 0.91,AUROC 0.96)鉴定出正确的痴呆阶段。在对严重痴呆进行分类时,表现最佳(AUROC 0.99)。结论:监督型机器学习算法在基于在线环境中报告的痴呆症状识别痴呆阶段时表现出出色的性能。这种新颖的痴呆分期算法可用于根据用户报告的症状描述痴呆分期。这种症状记录可提供真实世界的数据,这些数据反映了痴呆症患者的重要症状。使用支持向量机学习算法(使用“单反”方法)训练的模型显示出最佳性能。以83%的平衡准确度(Cohenκ= 0.81,AUPRC 0.91,AUROC 0.96)鉴定出正确的痴呆阶段。在对严重痴呆进行分类时,表现最佳(AUROC 0.99)。结论:监督型机器学习算法在基于在线环境中报告的痴呆症状识别痴呆阶段时表现出出色的性能。这种新颖的痴呆分期算法可用于根据用户报告的症状描述痴呆分期。这种症状记录可提供真实世界的数据,这些数据反映了痴呆症患者的重要症状。81,AUPRC 0.91,AUROC 0.96)。在对严重痴呆进行分类时,表现最佳(AUROC 0.99)。结论:监督型机器学习算法在基于在线环境中报告的痴呆症状识别痴呆阶段时表现出出色的性能。这种新颖的痴呆分期算法可用于根据用户报告的症状描述痴呆分期。这种症状记录可提供真实世界的数据,这些数据反映了痴呆症患者的重要症状。81,AUPRC 0.91,AUROC 0.96)。在对严重痴呆进行分类时,表现最佳(AUROC 0.99)。结论:监督型机器学习算法在基于在线环境中报告的痴呆症状识别痴呆阶段时表现出出色的性能。这种新颖的痴呆分期算法可用于根据用户报告的症状描述痴呆分期。这种症状记录可提供真实世界的数据,这些数据反映了痴呆症患者的重要症状。这种新颖的痴呆分期算法可用于根据用户报告的症状描述痴呆分期。这种症状记录可提供真实世界的数据,这些数据反映了痴呆症患者的重要症状。这种新颖的痴呆分期算法可用于根据用户报告的症状描述痴呆分期。这种症状记录可提供真实世界的数据,这些数据反映了痴呆症患者的重要症状。

这仅仅是抽象的。阅读JMIR网站上的全文。JMIR是互联网时代电子健康和医疗保健领域领先的开放获取期刊。
更新日期:2020-11-12
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