Surface soil hydraulic properties play critical roles in controlling water infiltration, evaporation, and soil water storage, in‐turn affecting the evolution of soil pore structure in cultivated desert soils of arid areas. The variability in soil pores and hydraulic properties caused by conversion of native semidesert soils to agroforestry use alters soil water storage and water budget in the desert–oasis ecotone. The objective of this study was to investigate that land use conversion alters surface soil hydraulic properties and enhances the contribution of soil macropores to water flow in the Linze desert–oasis ecoregion. Water infiltration and soil pores characteristics with nine replicates were measured using a disc tension infiltrometer across four habitat types (Haloxylon ammodendron shrublands, Populus gansuensis forests, Medicago sativa Linn grasslands, and Zea mays croplands) during the growing season. Soil properties and hydraulic conductivity characteristics clearly varied across the four habitat types. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was 0.177, 0.126, 0.118, and 0.031cm min⁻¹ in the forest, grassland, shrubland, and cropland, respectively, with the corresponding average soil moisture being 7.6, 6.7, 0.9, and 19.2%. Clay content, bulk density, and initial soil moisture were the key soil physicochemical properties affecting saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_s). The macropores (> 0.5 mm in radius) accounted for 15–60% of total water flow, while 0.25–0.5 mm pores contributed to 12–24% across the four habitat types. The contribution of >0.5 mm pores to water flow in the forest was 3.3–4.0‐times greater than in shrubland and cropland, due to greater soil macroporosity (58 cm⁻³ cm³ ) and undisturbed soil pore structure. Land use conversion has a positive impact on soil properties, structure features, and soil hydraulic properties, and as a consequence, enhance the complexity of water exchange in the arid areas.

中文翻译：

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荒漠-绿洲生态区不同土地利用类型土壤大孔隙对水分入渗的贡献

表层土壤的水力特性在控制水分的渗透，蒸发和土壤水的储存中起着至关重要的作用，进而影响干旱地区耕地荒漠土壤的土壤孔隙结构的演变。由原始的半荒漠土壤转化为农林业用途引起的土壤孔隙和水力特性的变化，改变了沙漠-绿洲过渡带的土壤蓄水量和水量收支。这项研究的目的是调查林茨荒漠-绿洲生态区的土地利用转化会改变地表土壤的水力特性并增强土壤大孔对水流的贡献。使用圆盘张力渗透计测量了四种生境类型（梭梭灌木丛，在生长季节期间，杨树森林，紫花苜蓿林草草原和玉米可能的农田。四种生境类型的土壤特性和水力传导特性明显不同。在森林，草原，灌木丛和农田中，饱和导水率分别为0.177、0.126、0.118和0.031cm min ^-1，相应的平均土壤湿度为7.6％，6.7％，0.9％和19.2％。粘土含量，堆积密度和初始土壤湿度是影响饱和导水率（K _s）的关键土壤理化性质_。）。大孔（半径大于0.5毫米）占总水流量的15-60％，而0.25-0.5毫米的孔隙占四种生境类型的12-24％。大于0.5毫米的孔隙对森林水流的贡献比灌木丛和农田大3.3-4.0倍，这是由于土壤大孔隙度更大（58 cm ^-3 cm ³  ）和土壤孔隙结构不受干扰。土地利用转化对土壤性质，结构特征和土壤水力性质具有积极影响，因此，增加了干旱地区水交换的复杂性。