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The CAR group of Ig cell adhesion proteins–Regulators of gap junctions?
BioEssays ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 , DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000031 Fritz G Rathjen 1
BioEssays ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 , DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000031 Fritz G Rathjen 1
Affiliation
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Members of the CAR group of Ig‐like type I transmembrane proteins mediate homotypic cell adhesion, share a common overall extracellular domain structure and are closely related at the amino acid sequence level. CAR proteins are often found at tight junctions and interact with intracellular scaffolding proteins, suggesting that they might modulate tight junction assembly or function. However, impairment of tight junction integrity has not been reported in mouse knockout models or zebrafish mutants of CAR members. In contrast, in the same knockout models deficits in gap junction communication were detected in several organ systems, including the atrioventricular node of the heart, smooth muscle cells of the intestine and the ureter and in Sertoli cells of the testes. Possible interactions between BT‐IgSF and connexin41.8 on the disturbed pattern of pigment stripes found in zebrafish mutants and between ESAM and connexin43 during hematopoiesis in the mouse are also discussed. On the basis of the combined data and phenotypic similarities between CAR member mutants and connexin mutants I hypothesize that they primarily play a role in the organization of gap junction communication. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/i0yq2KhuDAE.
中文翻译：
CAR组的Ig细胞粘附蛋白–间隙连接的调节子？
Ig类I型跨膜蛋白CAR组的成员介导同型细胞粘附，共有共同的整体细胞外结构域结构，并且在氨基酸序列水平上密切相关。CAR蛋白通常在紧密连接处发现，并与细胞内支架蛋白相互作用，表明它们可能调节紧密连接的组装或功能。但是，尚未在小鼠敲除模型或CAR成员的斑马鱼突变体中报道紧密连接完整性受损。相反，在相同的基因剔除模型中，在几个器官系统中检测到了间隙连接通讯的缺陷，包括心脏的房室结，肠和输尿管的平滑肌细胞以及睾丸的支持细胞。BT-IgSF与连接蛋白之间可能的相互作用41。讨论了在小鼠造血过程中在斑马鱼突变体中以及在ESAM和connexin43之间发现的色素条纹紊乱的模式[8]。基于CAR成员突变体和连接蛋白突变体之间的综合数据和表型相似性，我推测它们主要在间隙连接通讯的组织中发挥作用。另请参见以下视频摘要：https://youtu.be/i0yq2KhuDAE。
更新日期：2020-11-25
中文翻译：
CAR组的Ig细胞粘附蛋白–间隙连接的调节子？
Ig类I型跨膜蛋白CAR组的成员介导同型细胞粘附，共有共同的整体细胞外结构域结构，并且在氨基酸序列水平上密切相关。CAR蛋白通常在紧密连接处发现，并与细胞内支架蛋白相互作用，表明它们可能调节紧密连接的组装或功能。但是，尚未在小鼠敲除模型或CAR成员的斑马鱼突变体中报道紧密连接完整性受损。相反，在相同的基因剔除模型中，在几个器官系统中检测到了间隙连接通讯的缺陷，包括心脏的房室结，肠和输尿管的平滑肌细胞以及睾丸的支持细胞。BT-IgSF与连接蛋白之间可能的相互作用41。讨论了在小鼠造血过程中在斑马鱼突变体中以及在ESAM和connexin43之间发现的色素条纹紊乱的模式[8]。基于CAR成员突变体和连接蛋白突变体之间的综合数据和表型相似性，我推测它们主要在间隙连接通讯的组织中发挥作用。另请参见以下视频摘要：https://youtu.be/i0yq2KhuDAE。
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