The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Haematococcus pluvialis on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune responses and resistance to Vibrio harveyi of spotted sea bass Lateolabrax maculatus. Fish were fed with six diets containing grade levels of containing H. pluvialis (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 1 g/kg, respectively) in triplicate for 8 weeks, followed by a V. harveyi infection test for 7 days. The astaxanthin concentrations of diets were 1.14 (control), 30.23 (T1), 58.42 (T2), 91.51 (T3), 118.61 (T4) and 150.31 mg/kg (T5). Results showed that dietary H. pluvialis increased final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) and decreased the whole body lipid of fish (p < .05). Dietary H. pluvialis improved the hepatic total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) and decreased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of fish (p < .05). In fish fed the H. pluvialis supplemented diets, the levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) contents decreased (p < .05). Moreover, dietary H. pluvialis improved the complement and immunoglobulin (Ig) contents, and lysozyme (LYZ) activities (p < .05). After challenge with V. harveyi, the survival rate in T2, T3, T4 and T5 was significantly higher than that of control, and the highest survival rate was in T3 (p < .05). These results indicated that dietary supplementation with the suitable level (0.4%–0.6%) of H. pluvialis could promote growth performance and hepatic antioxidant capacity, and enhance immune responses and resistance to V. harveyi challenge of L. maculates.

中文翻译：

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补充日粮雨生红球菌对斑鲈鲈的生长性能，抗氧化能力，免疫反应和对哈维弧菌的抵抗力的影响

本研究旨在研究雨生红球菌对斑鲈鲈的生长性能，抗氧化能力，免疫反应和对哈维弧菌的抵抗力。给鱼类喂食六种日粮，这些日粮一式三份地分别含有含幽门螺杆菌的等级水平（分别为0、2、4、6、8和1 g / kg），持续8周，然后进行哈氏弧菌感染测试7天。日粮中虾青素的浓度分别为1.14（对照组），30.23（T1），58.42（T2），91.51（T3），118.61（T4）和150.31 mg / kg（T5）。结果表明，饮食中的H. pluvialis增加了最终体重（FBW），体重增加率（WGR）和比生长率（SGR）并降低了鱼的全身脂质（p  <.05）。饮食中的H. pluvialis提高了肝脏的总抗氧化能力（T-AOC），并降低了鱼的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）活性以及鱼的丙二醛（MDA）含量（p  <。 05）。在补充了幽门螺杆菌的日粮中，甘油三酸酯，胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）的含量降低了（p  <.05）。此外，饮食中的H. pluvialis提高了补体和免疫球蛋白（Ig）的含量，并改善了溶菌酶（LYZ）的活性（p  <.05）。用哈氏弧菌攻击后，T2，T3，T4和T5的存活率显着高于对照组，最高的存活率在T3（p  <.05）。这些结果表明，膳食补充的适当水平（0.4％-0.6％）H.生红球藻能促进生长性能和肝脏的抗氧化能力，增强免疫反应和抗哈维氏弧菌的挑战L. maculates。