The Brazilian semiarid region has been subjected to strong man-made actions since the 1970s, which have resulted in landscape transformation. The scientific literature presents several studies on the soil properties or microclimate of different types of landscapes; however, less attention was having been paid to the surface contrast between native vegetation and bare soil. The objective of this research was to evaluate the soil properties and microclimate of two common landscapes in the Brazilian semiarid region, a seasonally dry tropical forest (Caatinga) and a deforested area. Soil and microclimate data were obtained from two sites, both located in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. Soil samples were collected on six dates and from layers, and microclimate variables were measured for three years. Soil properties and microclimatic data were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney test, as well as regression and principal component analysis. Successive years of agricultural practices affected the bulk density, promoting an increase in the total porosity of the soil in the deforested area site. In addition, changes were verified in the magnitude of many chemical properties (pH, P, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe, Mn, Zn²⁺ and Ca²⁺), indicating soil degradation. Compared with the Caatinga forest site, the minimum air temperature was 2.3 °C, and the maximum vapor pressure deficit was 7% higher in the deforested area site, and it is very likely that Caatinga removal there will lead to a reduction in precipitation. The results suggest that Caatinga vegetation removal followed by agricultural practices and subsequent land abandonment promotes significant changes in soil properties and the microclimate, which can contribute to advances in desertification and affects agricultural activities in the Brazilian semiarid region.

自1970年代以来，巴西半干旱地区一直受到强大的人为行动，导致景观发生了变化。科学文献对不同类型景观的土壤特性或微气候进行了一些研究。然而，人们对天然植被和裸露的土壤之间的表面对比度的关注较少。这项研究的目的是评估巴西半干旱地区，季节性干燥的热带森林（Caatinga）和森林砍伐地区的两个常见景观的土壤特性和微气候。土壤和微气候数据来自两个地点，均位于巴西伯南布哥州。在六个日期和各层收集土壤样品，并测量三年的小气候变量。使用Mann-Whitney检验以及回归分析和主成分分析对土壤性质和微气候数据进行了评估。连续多年的农业实践影响了堆积密度，促使森林砍伐地区的土壤总孔隙率增加。此外，在许多化学性质（pH，P，K⁺，Mg 2 ⁺，Cu 2 ⁺，Fe，Mn，Zn ²⁺和Ca ²⁺），表明土壤退化。与Caatinga森林站点相比，最低空气温度为2.3°C，在森林砍伐地区站点中，最大蒸气压赤字高出7％，而且Caatinga的去除很可能导致降水减少。结果表明，Caatinga植被的清除，随后的农业实践和随后的土地遗弃促进了土壤性质和微气候的重大变化，这可能有助于荒漠化的进展并影响巴西半干旱地区的农业活动。