Abstract The development of a carbon-based catalyst for selective transformation of renewable lignin to value-added chemicals is a fascinating chemical upgrade route. In this study, the highly efficient Ni/C catalysts derived from waste biomass tar was fabricated for selective hydrogenation-transalkylation (HTTA) of guaiacol to 1-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol. Carbonization temperatures and activators can be used to regulate the contents of oxygen-containing functional groups on carbon surface, which further affect the catalytic performance. Results showed that the Ni/C-K-800 catalyst with KOH as activator and 800 ℃ as carbonization temperature exhibited the excellent catalytic performance (about 100% conversion) for the guaiacol transformation at 220 ℃, 2 MPa H2 for 2 h, and the final product could be stably controlled at 1-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol. Main reaction pathway of guaiacol over Ni/C catalyst was proposed: 1) conversion of guaiacol to 1-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol through transalkylation and hydrogenation of benzene ring; 2) transform of 1-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol to cyclohexanol through direct hydrogenolysis. Furthermore, biomass tar-derived carbon support has good resistance towards carbon accumulation on Ni metals. These findings can provide a basis for designing green and efficient catalyst derived from biomass tar for biomass upgrading.

中文翻译：

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生物质焦油转化为高活性镍基碳负载催化剂，用于愈创木酚选择性加氢-烷基转移

摘要 开发用于将可再生木质素选择性转化为高附加值化学品的碳基催化剂是一条引人入胜的化学升级路线。在这项研究中，制备了源自废生物质焦油的高效 Ni/C 催化剂，用于愈创木酚选择性加氢-烷基转移 (HTTA) 为 1-甲基-1,2-环己二醇。碳化温度和活化剂可用于调节碳表面含氧官能团的含量，从而进一步影响催化性能。结果表明，以 KOH 为活化剂、800 ℃为碳化温度的 Ni/CK-800 催化剂在 220 ℃、2 MPa H2 2 h 条件下对愈创木酚转化表现出优异的催化性能（转化率约 100%），最终产物为可以稳定地控制在 1-methyl-1，2-环己二醇。提出了愈创木酚在Ni/C催化剂上的主要反应途径：1）愈创木酚通过苯环的烷基转移和加氢转化为1-甲基-1,2-环己二醇；2) 1-甲基-1,2-环己二醇通过直接氢解转化为环己醇。此外，生物质焦油衍生的碳载体对 Ni 金属上的碳积累具有良好的抵抗力。这些发现可为设计源自生物质焦油的用于生物质升级的绿色高效催化剂提供依据。生物质焦油衍生的碳载体对镍金属上的碳积累具有良好的抵抗力。这些发现可为设计源自生物质焦油的用于生物质升级的绿色高效催化剂提供依据。生物质焦油衍生的碳载体对镍金属上的碳积累具有良好的抵抗力。这些发现可为设计源自生物质焦油的用于生物质升级的绿色高效催化剂提供依据。