The active sulfur small molecules such as biothiols, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen polysulfides and sulfur dioxide are closely related to various diseases in the biological system and have important physiological and pathological functions. Small-molecule fluorescent probes enable to detect and image active sulfur small molecules by virtue of their non-invasiveness, fast response times, and real-time in situ detection capability. Based on the inherent characteristics of active sulfur small molecules, many fluorescent probes have been reported to detect and image them. In this review, we classify the fluorescent probes according to the different type reaction of each small molecule, and summarize the reaction mechanism in detail. Moreover, we also emphasize the challenges of active sulfur small molecules-responsive fluorescent probes, hoping to provide a general implication for future research.

生物硫醇，硫化氢，多硫化氢和二氧化硫等活性硫小分子与生物系统中的各种疾病密切相关，具有重要的生理和病理功能。小分子荧光探针凭借其非侵入性，快速的响应时间和原位实时性，能够检测和成像活性硫小分子检测能力。基于活性硫小分子的固有特性，已报道了许多荧光探针可对其进行检测和成像。在这篇综述中，我们根据每个小分子的不同类型反应对荧光探针进行分类，并详细总结了反应机理。此外，我们还强调了活性硫小分子响应荧光探针所面临的挑战，希望为将来的研究提供一般意义。