Cell plasticity is important in development and tissue remodeling. Cells can sense physical and chemical cues from their local microenvironment and transduce the signals into the nucleus to regulate the epigenetic state and gene expression, resulting in a change in cell phenotype. In this review, we highlight the role of mechanical cues in regulating stem cell differentiation and cell reprogramming through the modulation of histone modifications. The effects of various mechanical cues, including matrix stiffness, mechanical stretch, and shear stress, on cell fate during tissue regeneration and remodeling will be discussed. Taken together, recent work demonstrates that the alterations in histone modifications by mechanical stimuli can facilitate epigenetic changes during cell phenotypic switching, which has potential applications in the development of biomaterials and bioreactors for cell engineering.

细胞可塑性在发育和组织重塑中很重要。细胞可以感知来自其局部微环境的物理和化学信号，并将信号转导到细胞核中以调节表观遗传状态和基因表达，从而导致细胞表型的变化。在这篇综述中，我们强调了机械线索在通过调节组蛋白修饰来调节干细胞分化和细胞重编程中的作用。将讨论各种机械线索对组织再生和重塑过程中细胞命运的影响，包括基质刚度、机械拉伸和剪切应力。总之，最近的工作表明机械刺激引起的组蛋白修饰的改变可以促进细胞表型转换过程中的表观遗传变化，