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Inhibition of the supplementary motor area affects distribution of effort over time
Cortex ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.018
Aviv Emanuel 1 , Jasmine Herszage 2 , Haggai Sharon 3 , Nira Liberman 4 , Nitzan Censor 2
Affiliation  

In tasks that extend over time, people tend to exert much effort at the beginning and the end, but not in the middle, exhibiting the stuck-in-the-middle pattern (STIM). To date, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying this effect. As the supplementary motor area (SMA) was previously implicated in coding prospective task-demands, we tested its role in producing the STIM pattern. Participants first underwent an SMA-localization session in which they tapped their fingers repeatedly while fMRI-scanned. In the next two sessions, before playing a 10-min computer game that measured effort-engagement, participants underwent inhibitory 1-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the SMA, or over a control precuneus location. Three control experiments and a pretest confirmed that this task yields a STIM, which can be eliminated when the task lacks a salient end-point, or is too short. The results of the main experiment showed a more pronounced STIM following inhibitory SMA stimulation compared to control. A control analysis showed that overall level of effort was similar in both conditions, rendering alternative accounts in terms of motor inhibition unlikely. These findings are consistent with the possibility that the SMA may play a role in moment-to-moment coding of effort value, or in related sub-processes, which can cause effort to be distributed more equally over the course of a task.



中文翻译:

辅助运动区域的抑制会影响努力的时间分布

在随时间而延长的任务中,人们倾向于在开始和结束时付出很大的努力,而在中间却没有,表现出了“卡在中间”模式(STIM)。迄今为止,关于这种作用的神经机制还知之甚少。由于辅助运动区域(SMA)以前与编码预期任务需求有关,因此我们测试了其在产生STIM模式中的作用。参与者首先进行了SMA定位会议,在此过程中,他们在进行fMRI扫描时反复轻拍手指。在接下来的两个会话中,在玩一个10分钟的计算机游戏以测量精力投入之前,参与者在SMA或控制的早孕部位接受了抑制性的1 Hz重复经颅磁刺激。三个对照实验和一个预测试确认此任务产生了STIM,当任务缺乏明显的终点或时间太短时,可以消除这种情况。主要实验结果表明,与对照相比,抑制性SMA刺激后STIM更为明显。对照分析表明,两种情况下的总体努力水平相似,因此就运动抑制而言,不太可能采用其他方法。这些发现与SMA可能在工作量值的即时编码或相关子过程中起作用的可能性一致,后者可能导致工作量在任务过程中更平均地分配。对照分析表明,两种情况下的总体努力水平相似,因此就运动抑制而言,不太可能采用其他方法。这些发现与SMA可能在工作量值的即时编码或相关子过程中起作用的可能性一致,后者可能导致工作量在任务过程中更平均地分配。对照分析表明,两种情况下的总体努力水平相似,因此就运动抑制而言,不太可能采用其他方法。这些发现与SMA可能在工作量值的即时编码或相关子过程中起作用的可能性一致,后者可能导致工作量在任务过程中更平均地分配。

更新日期:2020-12-02
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