Abstract The chloroform (TNC), ethyl acetate (TNE) and n-butanol (TNB) fractions of Tephrosia nubica Bioss. growing in Saudi Arabia was investigated for the first time using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS in two ionization modes. The analysis revealed the tentative identification of 107 compounds. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of T. nubica fractions was determined by in vitro evaluation of their cytotoxic, antioxidant, and anti-obesity activities using MTT assay, DPPH radical scavenging activity and pancreatic lipase inhibitory assay, respectively. The results showed that TNE, TNB, TNC fractions revealed weak antioxidant activity with SC50 139.9 ± 0.8, 144.9 ± 1.5, 148.9 ± 1.3 µg/mL, respectively compared to ascorbic acid 14.2 ± 0.5 µg/ml. Moreover TNE, TNC fractions showed more significant cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 with IC50 82.1 ± 3.1, 101 ± 2.8 µg/mL and MCF-7 with IC50 114 ± 3.2, 124 ± 3.9 µg/mL respectively. The TNB fraction showed weak cytotoxic activity against both cell lines compared to the other fractions. Ultimately, TNE fraction showed a remarkable anti-obesity activity with IC50 62.4 ± 1.5 µg/mL compared to chloroform fraction with IC50 535.6 ± 2.1 µg/mL and n-butanol fraction which did not show any activity. In conclusion, these findings represent the first insights into the phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties of T. nubica. The ethyl acetate fraction of T. nubica might be a promising source of functional constituents with antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-obesity potentials. It might be a natural alternative therapy and nutritional strategy, for obesity treatment without dangerous side effects. Isolation of the bioactive compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction of T. nubica and evaluating their biological activities is recommended.

中文翻译：

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Tephrosia nubica Boiss 的植物化学和生物学特征。在沙特阿拉伯成长

摘要 Tephrosia nubica Bioss 的氯仿 (TNC)、乙酸乙酯 (TNE) 和正丁醇 (TNB) 馏分。首次使用 UPLC-ESI-MS/MS 在两种电离模式下对沙特阿拉伯的生长进行了研究。分析显示初步鉴定出 107 种化合物。此外，通过分别使用 MTT 测定、DPPH 自由基清除活性和胰脂肪酶抑制测定对它们的细胞毒性、抗氧化和抗肥胖活性进行体外评估，确定了 T. nubica 组分的治疗潜力。结果表明，与抗坏血酸 14.2 ± 0.5 µg/ml 相比，TNE、TNB、TNC 组分显示出较弱的抗氧化活性，SC50 分别为 139.9 ± 0.8、144.9 ± 1.5、148.9 ± 1.3 µg/mL。此外，TNE、TNC 组分对 HepG-2 显示出更显着的细胞毒活性，IC50 为 82.1 ± 3.1、101 ± 2。8 µg/mL 和 MCF-7，IC50 分别为 114 ± 3.2、124 ± 3.9 µg/mL。与其他部分相比，TNB 部分对两种细胞系都显示出较弱的细胞毒活性。最终，与 IC50 为 535.6 ± 2.1 µg/mL 的氯仿级分和没有显示任何活性的正丁醇级分相比，TNE 级分显示出显着的抗肥胖活性，IC50 为 62.4 ± 1.5 µg/mL。总之，这些发现代表了对 T. nubica 的植物化学成分和药理特性的首次了解。T. nubica 的乙酸乙酯部分可能是具有抗氧化、细胞毒性和抗肥胖潜力的功能成分的有希望的来源。它可能是一种天然的替代疗法和营养策略，用于治疗肥胖症而没有危险的副作用。