Key message

A systematic review (1950–2018) summarizes the research on woody lianas and their interaction with trees in the Neotropics. We identify knowledge gaps, propose new directions for future studies and discuss the control, management, and conservation of lianas.

Abstract

Lianas are key components of species composition, structure and dynamics of tropical forests. Current global warming scenario, however, are favoring increases in the abundance and density of lianas in tropical forests, affecting tree growth, fertility, and the number of tree injuries, therefore, increasing tree mortality over time. Here, we present a systematic review of studies on Neotropical lianas and its relation with trees, aiming to (1) establish the current state of ecological research, identifying knowledge gaps and propose new directions and perspectives for future studies; (2) offer baseline knowledge to support the control, management and conservation of lianas. We surveyed the literature on lianas (woody climbers) since 1900 to 2018 retaining 427 papers. We organized the literature by country, vegetation type, topic addressed and whether the study focused exclusively on lianas or lianas and trees. Our review demonstrated the importance of lianas in tropical forests, and the scarcity of studies on woody savannas and especially extremely dry vegetations as the Caatinga seasonally dry forests and xeric shrublands. Regardless of their remarkable importance and their contribution for diversity, biomass and carbon flux, lianas are rarely included in global vegetation models and have been overlooked in restoration, control, and management programs. We must consider the relevance of lianas in maintaining diversity and microclimate, and as resources for native animals, such as pollinators, herbivores, and seed dispersers, as well as for traditional human communities. Research on ecophysiology and functional spectral traits, and management of lianas are among the key areas in the Anthropocene.

中文翻译：

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新热带的藤本植物研究：概述，与树木的相互作用以及未来的前景

关键信息

一份系统综述（1950年至2018年）总结了新热带地区木质藤本植物及其与树木的相互作用的研究。我们发现知识差距，为未来的研究提出新的方向，并讨论藤本植物的控制，管理和保存。

抽象

藤本植物是热带森林物种组成，结构和动态的关键组成部分。然而，当前的全球变暖情况有利于热带森林中藤本植物的丰度和密度的增加，从而影响树木的生长，肥力和树木受伤的数量，因此，随着时间的推移，树木死亡率增加。在这里，我们对新热带藤本植物及其与树木的关系进行系统的综述，以期达到以下目的：（1）建立生态学研究的现状，发现知识差距，为今后的研究提出新的方向和观点；（2）提供基线知识以支持藤本植物的控制，管理和保存。自1900年至2018年以来，我们调查了有关藤本植物（木质攀援植物）的文献，保留了427篇论文。我们按国家，植被类型，讨论的主题以及该研究是否专门针对藤本植物或藤本植物和树木。我们的评论表明藤本植物在热带森林中的重要性，以及对木质大草原，特别是极端干燥的植被（如Caatinga季节性干燥的森林和干灌木丛）的研究缺乏。尽管藤本植物的重要性和对其多样性，生物量和碳通量的贡献，但很少被纳入全球植被模型，并且在恢复，控制和管理计划中被忽略。我们必须考虑藤本植物在维持多样性和小气候方面的重要性，并应将其作为传粉媒介，食草动物和种子传播者等本土动物以及传统人类社区的资源。研究生态生理学和功能光谱特征，