Central Arabian Mountain Tuwaiq Plateau, south Riyadh City underwent geologic work, including calibrated, filtered, geo-referenced and ortho-rectified synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imageries of the ERS-1/2 and ENVISAT satellites. The Jurassic Mountain Tuwaiq Plateau shows cuestas with flatiron geomorphology dipping gently, which is eroded by an eastward dendritic drainage pattern atop Mountain Tuwaiq, which pours southward running into the Wadi Hanifah valley. The E-W Druma, Nisah, Awsat, Bu’ayja, Rufa’a and Mugarah grabens of Central Arabia are superposed on the plateau’s geologic and geomorphic features and appear to be part of the Sahaba strike-slip fault. The graben system has turned the N-S Mesozoic beds into escarpments, with them dipping inwardly towards the north and south and forming a multiple horst and graben. The overlying Cretaceous rocks were transtensionally deformed, and they crop out next to the Jurassic sequence. The transtensional system has also thrown the upper Cretaceous and Paleogene rocks down atop the lower Cretaceous rocks. The overall drainage pattern is an eastward running centripetal pattern that is overprinted by a longitudinal parallel system. Moreover, the Wadi Hanifah valley was displaced by Wadi Laha sinistral fault. The Central Arabian graben system of Mountain Tuwaiq Plateau may fit in the transtensional horsetail splay tectonic landform and damage zone area of the Wadi Sahaba transform fault at the termination mechanism. This intra-plate setting and continental interior may relate to the collision of Arabian and Eurasian plates, in which the transform fault represents Mountain Zagros’ thrust belt westward escape structures in the Arabian hinterland area.

中文翻译：

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活动性张性坳陷的构造地貌发育：以沙特阿拉伯利雅得市南部 Tuwaiq 山高原为例

利雅得市南部的中部阿拉伯山 Tuwaiq 高原进行了地质工作，包括 ERS-1/2 和 ENVISAT 卫星的校准、过滤、地理参考和正射校正合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 图像。侏罗纪山 Tuwaiq 高原显示出具有平缓倾斜的扁铁地貌，受到 Tuwaiq 山顶部向东的树枝状排水模式的侵蚀，该流向南涌入 Wadi Hanifah 山谷。阿拉伯中部的 EW Druma、Nisah、Awsat、Bu'ayja、Rufa'a 和 Mugarah 地堑叠加在高原的地质和地貌特征上，似乎是萨哈巴走滑断层的一部分。地堑系统使NS中生代地层变为陡崖，南北向内倾斜，形成多重地堑。上覆的白垩纪岩石发生张性变形，它们在侏罗纪层序旁边出露。张力系统也将上白垩纪和古近纪的岩石抛到了下白垩纪的岩石之上。整体排水格局是向东延伸的向心格局，由纵向平行系统套印。此外，Wadi Hanifah 山谷被 Wadi Laha 左旋断层所取代。图瓦伊克山高原中阿拉伯地堑系统可能适合在终止机制处的瓦迪萨哈巴转换断层的横张马尾张开构造地貌和破坏带区域。这种板块内环境和大陆内部可能与阿拉伯和欧亚板块的碰撞有关，