Human activity causes major changes in natural landscapes via introduction of non-native species, development on natural habitat, and alteration of local weather patterns. These factors contribute to global change and may interact to affect local populations of plants and animals. We studied a viable, non-native lizard population (Anolis sagrei) in southeast Alabama, USA that has depended upon thermal conditions inside a greenhouse nursery during the winter for at least 10 years. Using Capture-Mark-Recapture surveys, we compared population parameters and movement patterns of this introduced A. sagrei population to a native lizard population (Sceloporus undulatus) that also inhabits our study site. The population size of both species fluctuated over time, but that of A. sagrei was considerably larger than S. undulatus. Anolis sagrei was relatively philopatric and confined within the greenhouse and its immediate vicinity, whereas the S. undulatus population extended into the surrounding forest habitat. The thermal landscape within the greenhouse was substantially altered after the roof was removed due to winds from a tropical storm. Indeed, temperatures of all microhabitats commonly used by lizards frequently dropped below the critical thermal minimum for A. sagrei and below freezing during winter. Post-winter surveys revealed that no A. sagrei individuals survived, indicating that the temperature change in the greenhouse resulted in extinction. The native S. undulatus population, however, was still present after winter. Our study provides rare documentation of an extinction of an established introduced population and illustrates the role that human-made structures and natural weather events play in the process of biological invasion.

人类活动通过引入非本地物种，自然栖息地的发展以及当地天气模式的变化，导致自然景观发生重大变化。这些因素促成全球变化，并可能相互作用以影响当地动植物种群。我们研究了美国阿拉巴马州东南部可行的非本地蜥蜴种群（Anolis sagrei），该种群至少在10年的冬天依赖于温室苗圃内部的热条件。使用捕获标记-重新捕获调查，我们比较了该引入的沙曲霉种群与本地蜥蜴种群（Scoloporus undulatus）的种群参数和运动模式）也居住在我们的学习地点。这两个物种的种群数量波动一段时间，但的A. sagrei比相当大S.波状。Sagrei的Anolis相对较成虫，局限于温室及其附近，而S. undulatus种群则延伸到周围的森林栖息地。由于热带风暴的影响，拆除屋顶后，温室内的热景观发生了很大变化。确实，蜥蜴通常使用的所有微生境的温度经常下降到沙曲菌的临界热最小值以下，并在冬季冻结。冬季调查显示，没有A. sagrei个体存活下来，表明温室温度的变化导致了物种的灭绝。但是，冬季后仍然存在当地的沙门氏菌种群。我们的研究提供了已建立的引进种群灭绝的罕见文献，并阐明了人造结构和自然天气事件在生物入侵过程中所起的作用。