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Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater
Applied Water Science ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 , DOI: 10.1007/s13201-020-01321-0
S. R. Mahapatra , T. Venugopal , A. Shanmugasundaram , L. Giridharan , M. Jayaprakash

Fifty-four groundwater samples were collected from the highly industrialized area of north Chennai. These groundwater samples were tested for Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cr in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods of 2015–2016. Most of the samples in the area were found to have high concentration of heavy metals. Geographical information system was used to develop contour maps for the analysis of heavy metals, and it has been found that most of the Ambattur area was affected by the heavy metals in both the seasons. ANOVA tests were carried out on the hydro-chemical data for both the monsoon periods, and it was found that there was a common source of origin for most of the heavy metals, which was also confirmed by the correlation and principal component analysis. T-test indicates that there was a common source of origin of heavy metals in the study area, viz. industrial and domestic pollutants, that were found to be the main source of heavy metals in both the monsoon periods. Principal component analysis gave three important factors (principal components) for both the seasons. Pre-monsoon groundwater samples showed a common cause of origin of heavy metals than the post-monsoon samples. Heavy metal pollution index indicates that almost all the samples were not fit for drinking purpose in both the monsoon periods and metal index also indicates the non-usability of the water for drinking purpose.



中文翻译:

重金属指数和地理信息系统(GIS)研究重金属污染的方法:以金奈北部地下水为例

从金奈北部高度工业化地区收集了五十四份地下水样品。在2015-2016年的季风前和季风后期间,对这些地下水样品进行了Fe,Mn,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn和Cr的测试。发现该地区的大多数样品都含有高浓度的重金属。地理信息系统用于绘制等高线图以分析重金属,并且发现在两个季节中,大多数Ambattur地区都受到重金属的影响。在两个季风期对水化学数据进行了方差分析测试,发现大多数重金属都有一个共同的来源,相关性和主成分分析也证实了这一点。Ť-test表明研究区域存在重金属的常见来源,即。在两个季风时期,工业和家庭污染物都是重金属的主要来源。主成分分析给出了两个季节的三个重要因素(主要成分)。季风前的地下水样品比季风后的样品显示出重金属的常见原因。重金属污染指数表明在季风期间几乎所有样品都不适合饮用,而金属指数也表明饮用水不能饮用。

更新日期:2020-11-12
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