Abstract

Objective

During the past decade, the pediatric suicide rate has nearly tripled. Yet, little is known about suicide behavior (SB) in children. Identification of risk factors associated with SB during childhood may be critical to preventing future attempts. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neurocognitive performance and suicide ideation (SI) in children.

Method

The present study utilized baseline data from 11,875 participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a longitudinal study that follows 9- and 10-year-old children through late adolescence to examine factors that influence developmental trajectories. Suicidality was assessed by the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia (KSADS) suicide module completed by the parent. Neurocognitive ability was assessed using the NIH Toolbox Cognition measures administered to the youth.

Results

Children with a history of SI reported by their parent or concordant parent and youth report of SI demonstrated lower performance on the NIH Toolbox Picture Sequence Memory Test compared to children without SI. The difference in performance on the memory task remained significant when including demographic characteristics, family history of suicide, and internalizing symptoms in the model as covariates.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify decreased episodic memory in children with SI. These findings are similar to results from adult and adolescent studies which have reported decreased memory performance among suicide attempters. Deficits in episodic memory may impact a child’s ability to problem-solve and generate potential future outcomes, which may increase the risk for SB. Early identification of memory deficits in children may inform suicide prevention and intervention efforts.

• Highlights

• 6% of parents and children reported a history of active suicide ideation in children.

• Children with a history of suicide ideation had lower episodic memory performance.

• Early identification of memory deficits may inform suicide intervention efforts.

中文翻译：

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青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中 9 岁和 10 岁儿童的自杀意念和神经认知

摘要

客观的

在过去十年中，儿童自杀率几乎翻了三倍。然而，我们对儿童的自杀行为 (SB) 知之甚少。识别童年时期与 SB 相关的风险因素对于预防未来的尝试可能至关重要。本研究的目的是检查儿童的神经认知表现与自杀意念 (SI) 之间的关系。

方法

本研究利用了 11,875 名青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究参与者的基线数据，该研究跟踪 9 岁和 10 岁儿童直至青春期后期，以检查影响发育轨迹的因素。自杀倾向由家长完成的儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症时间表 (KSADS) 自杀模块进行评估。使用对青少年实施的 NIH 工具箱认知措施评估神经认知能力。

结果

与没有 SI 的儿童相比，父母报告有 SI 病史的儿童或 SI 的父母和青年报告一致的儿童在 NIH 工具箱图片序列记忆测试中表现较低。当将模型中的人口统计特征、自杀家族史和内化症状作为协变量时，记忆任务的表现差异仍然显着。

结论

据我们所知，这是第一项确定 SI 儿童情景记忆减少的研究。这些发现与成人和青少年研究的结果相似，这些研究报告了自杀未遂者的记忆力下降。情景记忆缺陷可能会影响儿童解决问题和产生未来潜在结果的能力，这可能会增加 SB 的风险。及早发现儿童的记忆缺陷可能会为自杀预防和干预工作提供信息。

• 强调

• 6% 的父母和孩子报告说孩子有主动自杀意念的历史。

• 有自杀意念史的儿童情景记忆表现较差。

• 早期识别记忆缺陷可能会为自杀干预工作提供信息。