Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease. It is related to long-lasting granulomatous fibrosis and inflammation of target organs, and current sub-optimal pharmacological treatment creates global public health concerns. Intravascular worms and eggs release antigens and extracellular vesicles that target host endothelial cells, modulate the immune system, and stimulate the release of damageassociated molecular patterns (DAMPs). ATP, one of the most studied DAMPs, triggers a cascade of autocrine and paracrine actions through purinergic P2X and P2Y receptors, which are shaped by ectonucleotidases (CD39). Both P2 receptor families, and in particular P2Y₁, P2Y₂, P2Y₁₂, and P2X7 receptors, have been attracting increasing interest in several inflammatory diseases and drug development. Current data obtained from the murine model unveiled a CD39-ADP-P2Y₁/P2Y₁₂ receptors signaling pathway linked to the liver and mesenteric exacerbations of schistosomal inflammation. Therefore, we proposed that members of this purinergic signaling could be putative pharmacological targets to reduce schistosomal morbidity.

血吸虫病是一种被忽视的热带病。它与长期的肉芽肿性纤维化和靶器官的炎症有关，目前的次优药物治疗引起了全球公共卫生问题。血管内蠕虫和卵子释放靶向宿主内皮细胞的抗原和细胞外囊泡，调节免疫系统，并刺激与损伤相关的分子模式（DAMP）的释放。ATP是研究最深入的DAMP之一，它通过嘌呤能P2X和P2Y受体触发一系列的自分泌和旁分泌作用，这些受体由外切核苷酸酶（CD39）形成。两个P2受体家族，尤其是P2Y ₁，P2Y ₂，P2Y ₁₂P2X7受体和P2X7受体在几种炎症性疾病和药物开发中已引起越来越多的关注。从鼠模型获得的最新数据揭示了CD39-ADP-P2Y ₁ / P2Y ₁₂受体信号传导途径，与肝脏和血吸虫病的肠系膜恶化有关。因此，我们建议该嘌呤能信号的成员可以作为减少血吸虫病发病率的推定药理靶标。