In this study, the effects of the cooling method and alloying element segregation on the abnormal zonal structure of high-carbon bearing steel were investigated by reheating, controlled rolling, and controlled cooling of the sample. The microstructure and alloy segregation characteristics of the abnormal strip structure in the hot-rolled plate of the steel were revealed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electron probe x-ray microanalysis. The JMatPro thermodynamic software was used to examine the relationship between the alloy elements and banded structure defects of the hot-rolled sheet and analyse the causes of the defects and their elimination methods. The results show distinct positive segregation of Cr/Mn and negative segregation of C in martensite–pearlite banded structure defects in hot-rolled plates. The martensite–pearlite banded structure is formed by the interaction between the cooling rate and the segregation of alloying elements after hot rolling. Studies have found that segmented cooling (slow cooling–air cooling) can eliminate the martensite–pearlite banded structure.

本研究通过试样的再加热、控轧和控冷研究冷却方法和合金元素偏析对高碳轴承钢异常带状组织的影响。通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和电子探针X射线显微分析揭示了该钢热轧板异常带钢组织的显微组织和合金偏析特征。应用JMatPro热力学软件检测热轧板合金元素与带状组织缺陷的关系，分析缺陷产生的原因及消除方法。结果表明，在热轧板的马氏体-珠光体带状组织缺陷中，存在明显的 Cr/Mn 正偏析和 C 负偏析。马氏体-珠光体带状组织是由冷却速度与热轧后合金元素偏析相互作用形成的。研究发现分段冷却（慢冷-空冷）可以消除马氏体-珠光体带状组织。