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Soluble and insoluble dipeptide repeat protein measurements in C9orf72-frontotemporal dementia brains show regional differential solubility and correlation of poly-GR with clinical severity
Acta Neuropathologica Communications ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-09 , DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-01036-y
Annelies Quaegebeur 1 , Idoia Glaria 2, 3, 4 , Tammaryn Lashley 3, 5 , Adrian M Isaacs 2, 3
Affiliation  

A C9orf72 repeat expansion is the most common genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. One of the suggested pathomechanisms is toxicity from dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs), which are generated via unconventional translation of sense and antisense repeat transcripts with poly-GA, poly-GP and poly-GR being the most abundant dipeptide proteins. Animal and cellular studies highlight a neurotoxic role of poly-GR and poly-PR and to a lesser degree of poly-GA. Human post-mortem studies in contrast have been much less clear on a potential role of DPR toxicity but have largely focused on immunohistochemical methods to detect aggregated DPR inclusions. This study uses protein fractionation and sensitive immunoassays to quantify not only insoluble but also soluble poly-GA, poly-GP and poly-GR concentrations in brain homogenates of FTD patients with C9orf72 mutation across four brain regions. We show that soluble DPRs are less abundant in clinically affected areas (i.e. frontal and temporal cortices). In contrast, the cerebellum not only shows the largest DPR load but also the highest relative DPR solubility. Finally, poly-GR levels and poly-GP solubility correlate with clinical severity. These findings provide the first cross-comparison of soluble and insoluble forms of all sense DPRs and shed light on the distribution and role of soluble DPRs in the etiopathogenesis of human C9orf72-FTD.

中文翻译:

C9orf72-额颞叶痴呆脑中可溶性和不溶性二肽重复蛋白测量显示区域差异溶解度和多聚GR与临床严重程度的相关性

C9orf72 重复扩增是额颞叶痴呆 (FTD) 和肌萎缩侧索硬化最常见的遗传原因。建议的病理机制之一是二肽重复蛋白 (DPR) 的毒性,它是通过有义和反义重复转录本的非常规翻译产生的,其中聚 GA、聚 GP 和聚 GR 是最丰富的二肽蛋白。动物和细胞研究强调了 poly-GR 和 poly-PR 的神经毒性作用,以及较小程度的 poly-GA。相比之下,人类验尸研究对 DPR 毒性的潜在作用不太清楚,但主要集中在免疫组织化学方法来检测聚集的 DPR 内含物。本研究使用蛋白质分级分离和灵敏的免疫测定来量化不溶性和可溶性聚 GA,四个脑区具有 C9orf72 突变的 FTD 患者脑匀浆中的 poly-GP 和 poly-GR 浓度。我们表明,可溶性 DPR 在临床受影响的区域(即额叶和颞叶皮质)较少。相比之下,小脑不仅显示出最大的 DPR 负载,而且显示出最高的相对 DPR 溶解度。最后,poly-GR 水平和 poly-GP 溶解度与临床严重程度相关。这些发现首次对所有有义 DPR 的可溶性和不溶性形式进行了交叉比较,并阐明了可溶性 DPR 在人类 C9orf72-FTD 发病机制中的分布和作用。小脑不仅显示出最大的 DPR 负荷,而且显示出最高的相对 DPR 溶解度。最后,poly-GR 水平和 poly-GP 溶解度与临床严重程度相关。这些发现首次对所有有义 DPR 的可溶性和不溶性形式进行了交叉比较,并阐明了可溶性 DPR 在人类 C9orf72-FTD 发病机制中的分布和作用。小脑不仅显示出最大的 DPR 负荷,而且显示出最高的相对 DPR 溶解度。最后,poly-GR 水平和 poly-GP 溶解度与临床严重程度相关。这些发现首次对所有有义 DPR 的可溶性和不溶性形式进行了交叉比较,并阐明了可溶性 DPR 在人类 C9orf72-FTD 发病机制中的分布和作用。
更新日期:2020-11-09
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