Vehicles traveling under oscillated traffic have low energy efficiency and high air pollutant emissions. Green driving with the help of connected vehicles (CVs) attracts a lot of research effort to improve vehicle energy efficiency. However, it is very challenging to perform green driving on multi-lane freeways under a mixed connected environment. In the researchers’ previous work, one innovative green-driving algorithm was proposed to solve the multi-lane problem with only one CV. In this study, a systematic analysis of the algorithm is conducted to understand its benefits and limitations on smoothing traffic oscillations. The effect of the steady states and the number of lanes is also analyzed. In addition, the algorithm is extended to a more general scenario with multiple CVs. The extended system coordinates multiple CVs to form multiple moving bottlenecks to mitigate traffic oscillation more efficiently as well as providing more realistic instructions to CVs. The evaluation of the extended system concludes with the most effective strategies to control CVs to smooth oscillations.

在交通拥挤的情况下行驶的车辆具有较低的能源效率和较高的空气污染物排放。借助联网车辆（CV）进行绿色驾驶吸引了大量研究工作，以提高车辆的能源效率。然而，在混合连接环境下在多车道高速公路上进行绿色驾驶是非常困难的。在研究人员以前的工作中，提出了一种创新的绿色驾驶算法来解决仅使用一个CV的多车道问题。在这项研究中，对该算法进行了系统分析，以了解其在缓解交通流量波动方面的优势和局限性。还分析了稳态和车道数量的影响。此外，该算法已扩展到具有多个CV的更一般的情况。扩展的系统协调多个CV，以形成多个移动瓶颈，以更有效地缓解流量振荡，并为CV提供更实际的指令。扩展系统的评估以控制CV平滑振荡的最有效策略结束。