Vehicle fleet electrification is regarded as one major pathway toward achieving energy independence and reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Compared to light-duty and medium-duty vehicles, electrification of heavy-duty vehicles, especially Class 8 trucks, is more challenging owing to the battery size required to attain the driving range necessary for their operating goals. As drayage trucks generally have a limited daily mileage, return to a home base every night, and spend a large amount of time creeping and idling, drayage operation has been the first targeted application for Class 8 electric trucks. The feasibility of operating battery electric drayage trucks at the individual vehicle level has recently been demonstrated. However, questions remain as to whether these trucks are capable of meeting the needs of typical drayage operation at the fleet level. This paper presents a feasibility analysis of operating an electric truck fleet based on real-world operation data of a diesel drayage operator in Southern California. Second-by-second activity data collected from 20 trucks in the fleet were used to estimate the corresponding electric energy consumption and the state of charge of the battery using a microscopic electric energy consumption model. An algorithm for generating tours of drayage activity from the collected data was developed and implemented. Multiple scenarios with different battery charging and truck scheduling assumptions were analyzed. The results show that 85% of the tours could be served by electric trucks if there is opportunity for charging at the home base during the time gap between consecutive tours.

车队电气化被视为实现能源独立，减少空气污染和温室气体排放的主要途径。与轻型和中型车辆相比，重型汽车，特别是8级卡车的电气化更具挑战性，因为达到其工作目标所需的续驶里程所需的电池尺寸。由于拖运卡车的日常里程通常很有限，每天晚上都会回到自己的基地，并且花费大量时间爬行和空转，因此拖运操作已成为8类电动卡车的第一个目标应用。最近已经证明了在单个车辆水平上操作电池电动卡车的可行性。然而，这些卡车是否能够满足车队一级典型的拖曳操作的问题，仍然存在疑问。本文根据南加利福尼亚州柴油拖曳驾驶员的实际操作数据，介绍了操作电动卡车车队的可行性分析。从车队的20辆卡车中收集的第二次活动数据用于使用微观电能消耗模型估算相应的电能消耗和电池的充电状态。开发并实现了一种用于从收集到的数据中生成拖曳活动巡视的算法。分析了具有不同电池充电和卡车调度假设的多种情况。