INTRODUCTION Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) has been documented as a helpful tool in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with common forms of dementia. The main objective of the study was to assess the role of QEEG in AD differential diagnosis with other forms of dementia: Lewy body dementia (LBD), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and vascular dementia (VaD). METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and PsycNET, for articles in English published in peer-reviewed journals from January 1, 1980 to April 23, 2019 using adapted search strategies containing keywords quantitative EEG and Alzheimer. The risk of bias was assessed by applying the QUADAS tool. The systematic review was conducted in line with the PRISMA methodology. RESULTS We identified 10 articles showcasing QEEG features used in diagnosing dementia, EEG slowing phenomena in AD and PDD, coherence changes in AD and VaD, the role of LORETA in dementia, and the controversial QEEG pattern in FTD. Results vary significantly in terms of sociodemographic features of the studied population, neuropsychological assessment, signal acquisition and processing, and methods of analysis. DISCUSSION This article provides a comparative synthesis of existing evidence on the role of QEEG in diagnosing dementia, highlighting some specific features for different types of dementia (eg, the slow-wave activity has been remarked in both AD and PDD, but more pronounced in PDD patients, a diminution in anterior and posterior alpha coherence was noticed in AD, and a lower alpha coherence in the left temporal-parietal-occipital regions was observed in VaD). CONCLUSION QEEG may be a useful investigation for settling the diagnosis of common forms of dementia. Further research of quantitative analyses is warranted, particularly on the association between QEEG, neuropsychological, and imaging features. In conjunction, these methods may provide superior diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of dementia.

中文翻译：

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QEEG 对常见痴呆症鉴别诊断的附加价值

简介 定量脑电图 (QEEG) 已被证明是鉴别诊断阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 与常见痴呆症的有用工具。该研究的主要目的是评估 QEEG 在 AD 与其他形式痴呆的鉴别诊断中的作用：路易体痴呆 (LBD)、帕金森病痴呆 (PDD)、额颞叶痴呆 (FTD) 和血管性痴呆 (VaD)。方法 我们使用包含关键词定量 EEG 和阿尔茨海默病的调整搜索策略，在 PubMed、Embase 和 PsycNET 中搜索了 1980 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 4 月 23 日发表在同行评审期刊上的英文文章。通过应用 QUADAS 工具评估偏倚风险。系统评价是根据 PRISMA 方法进行的。结果 我们确定了 10 篇文章，这些文章展示了用于诊断痴呆的 QEEG 特征、AD 和 PDD 中的 EEG 减慢现象、AD 和 VaD 的相干性变化、LORETA 在痴呆中的作用以及 FTD 中存在争议的 QEEG 模式。结果在研究人群的社会人口学特征、神经心理学评估、信号获取和处理以及分析方法方面差异很大。讨论 本文提供了关于 QEEG 在诊断痴呆症中作用的现有证据的比较综合，突出了不同类型痴呆症的一些特定特征（例如，慢波活动在 AD 和 PDD 中都被注意到，但在 PDD 中更为明显患者，在 AD 中注意到前部和后部 α 相干性减弱，在 VaD 中观察到左侧颞顶枕叶区域的 α 相干性较低）。结论 QEEG 可能是解决常见痴呆症诊断的有用调查。需要进一步研究定量分析，特别是 QEEG、神经心理学和影像学特征之间的关联。结合起来，这些方法可以在痴呆的诊断中提供卓越的诊断准确性。