An increase in the service life of electrical products from copper and its alloys is directly related to an increase in the wear resistance of materials. Structural refinement and alloying with cadmium are known to have a positive effect on the strength characteristics and wear resistance of copper, which makes it possible, with a Cd content of 1% by weight, to increase the wear resistance of copper several times, but cadmium is considered an environmentally unsafe element. In this regard, the paper presents the results of studies of a widely used Cu-Cr-Zr alloy system in the ultrafine-grained (UFG) state, micro-alloyed with cadmium (0.2%, weight), in order to improve physical, mechanical, and operational properties, as well as environmental safety. Severe plastic deformation, providing structure refinement to ~150 nm, and microalloying with cadmium of a Cu-Cr-Zr system alloy, after a complete processing cycle, provides a tensile strength of 570±10 MPa and 67% electrical conductivity. At the same time, the abrasion resistance increases by 12 and 35% relative to the industrial systems Cu-Cd and Cu-Cr-Zr, respectively. The obtained characteristics are very promising for improving the operational properties of continuous welding tips, collector plates, and contact wires operating under conditions of intense wear.

中文翻译：

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Cd和SPD对Cu-Cr-Zr合金组织，物理，力学和操作性能的影响

由铜及其合金制成的电气产品的使用寿命的增加与材料耐磨性的提高直接相关。已知结构细化和与镉合金化对铜的强度特性和耐磨性具有积极影响，这使得在Cd含量为1％（重量）的情况下，可以使铜的耐磨性提高数倍，但是镉被认为是对环境有害的元素。在这方面，本文提出了一种在超细晶（UFG）态，微合金化镉（0.2％，重量）的状态下广泛使用的Cu-Cr-Zr合金体系的研究结果，以改善物理性能，机械，操作性能以及环境安全性。严重的塑性变形，使结构细化到约150 nm，经过完整的加工循环后，再与镉进行微合金化处理，可提供570±10 MPa的拉伸强度和67％的电导率。同时，相对于工业体系Cu-Cd和Cu-Cr-Zr，耐磨性分别提高了12％和35％。所获得的特性对于改善在强烈磨损条件下工作的连续焊嘴，集电板和接触线的操作性能非常有希望。