ABSTRACT

This study aimed to: (1) propose a novel version of the Stroop switching test, namely the Stroop Switching Card Test (SSCT), to assess the overall efficiency of executive functions (EF) and its underlying cognitive processes (conflict resolution and conflict adaptation); (2) examine the utility of the SSCT in the assessment of EF in different age groups (age range 15-75 years), compare its results with standard neuropsychological tests (SNT), and (3) examine the contribution of both the processing speed and cognitive reserve on the performance of all used tests. The SSCT showed more sensitivity to detect subtle executive dysfunction in the middle age (~50 years). Going further, the SSCT revealed a progressive decline in conflict adaptation over two life periods. The first period of decline started at ~50 years and the second at~ 65 years. The processing speed and cognitive reserve had a prominent role in our results, notably in SSCT.

摘要

本研究旨在：(1) 提出一种新版本的 Stroop 转换测试，即 Stroop 转换卡测试 (SSCT)，以评估执行功能 (EF) 及其潜在认知过程（冲突解决和冲突适应）的整体效率); (2) 检查 SSCT 在不同年龄组（年龄范围 15-75 岁）评估 EF 中的效用，将其结果与标准神经心理学测试 (SNT) 进行比较，以及 (3) 检查处理速度的贡献和所有使用过的测试表现的认知储备。SSCT 在检测中年（约 50 岁）的细微执行功能障碍方面表现出更高的敏感性。更进一步，SSCT 显示冲突适应在两个生命周期内逐渐下降。第一个衰退期始于约 50 年，第二个衰退期始于约 65 年。