This paper presents the zooarchaeological research carried out on Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) bone remains recovered at Quebrada del Real 1 (ca. 7400–360 years BP), an archaeological site located in the Sierras of Córdoba upper mountain grassland range of Argentina. Here, we focus on the importance of Ctenomys implications to wild‐life management and conservation biology rather than its classical archaeological view as a subsistence resource. The primary aim was to provide critical information about the recent past biogeography of Ctenomys that may not be evident from modern fauna surveys. From the description of a highly specialised fossorial rodent extinct at the end of the Holocene, the study points out the extreme fragility of the Sierras of Córdoba high mountain environments under climate change and anthropogenic threat, drawing on data that are relevant to those who make decisions and write guidelines for wild‐life management. The analysis of the Ctenomys assemblage from Quebrada del Real 1 revealed information related to the management, conservation and restoration of the mountain top environments that cannot be ignored by conservation biologists and wild‐life managers, moreover when the causes that lead to the extinction of C. viarapaensis are the same ones affecting to modern plant and animal communities. The zooarchaeological record reflects past conditions to assess preindustrial ecological states of the upper mountain grassland range that otherwise would have never been known as a baseline for environmental management. Thus, applied zooarchaeology to conservation biology requires further exploration at Sierras of Córdoba in order to produce accurate knowledge about the high‐altitude ecosystems function, fragility and biodiversity loss, which is necessary to understand the present and improve the future of three million people who depend on the ecological services from these environments.

中文翻译：

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阿根廷科尔多瓦山脉的啮齿类啮齿动物和动物考古学在生态系统保护中的应用

本文介绍了在Quebrada del Real 1（约7400–360年BP）处发现的Ctenomys（啮齿类动物：Ctenomyidae）骨骼残留物上进行的动物考古学研究，该遗址位于阿根廷科尔多瓦高山草甸山脉的塞拉利昂。在这里，我们重点关注的重要性Ctenomys影响到野生生活管理和保护生物学研究，而不是作为一个生活资源的古典考古的角度。主要目的是提供有关最近的Ctenomys生物地理学的重要信息从现代动物区系调查中可能看不出来。根据对全新世末期灭绝的高度专业化的啮齿类啮齿动物的描述，研究指出了科尔多瓦山脉山脉在气候变化和人为威胁下的极端脆弱性，并利用了与决策者相关的数据并编写野生动物管理指南。对来自Quebrada del Real 1的人种组合的分析揭示了与保护，生物学和野生生物管理者不容忽视的有关山顶环境的管理，保护和恢复的信息，此外，当导致C灭绝的原因时Viarapaensis对现代动植物群落的影响相同。动物考古学记录反映了过去评估高山草原范围的工业前生态状态的条件，否则这些条件以前就不会被称为环境管理的基准。因此，将动物考古学应用于保护生物学需要在科尔多瓦塞拉山脉进行进一步的探索，以便获得有关高海拔生态系统功能，脆弱性和生物多样性丧失的准确知识，这对于理解目前的状况并改善三百万依附者的未来是必不可少的。这些环境的生态服务。