Epigenetic regulation of replication origin assembly: A role for histone H1 and chromatin remodeling factors,BioEssays

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Epigenetic regulation of replication origin assembly: A role for histone H1 and chromatin remodeling factors
BioEssays ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-09 , DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000181
Lucia Falbo ₁ , Vincenzo Costanzo _{1,

2}

Affiliation

During early embryonic development in several metazoans, accurate DNA replication is ensured by high number of replication origins. This guarantees rapid genome duplication coordinated with fast cell divisions. In Xenopus laevis embryos this program switches to one with a lower number of origins at a developmental stage known as mid‐blastula transition (MBT) when cell cycle length increases and gene transcription starts. Consistent with this regulation, somatic nuclei replicate poorly when transferred to eggs, suggesting the existence of an epigenetic memory suppressing replication assembly origins at all available sites. Recently, it was shown that histone H1 imposes a non‐permissive chromatin configuration preventing replication origin assembly on somatic nuclei. This somatic state can be erased by SSRP1, a subunit of the FACT complex. Here, we further develop the hypothesis that this novel form of epigenetic memory might impact on different areas of vertebrate biology going from nuclear reprogramming to cancer development.

中文翻译：

复制起点组装的表观遗传调控：组蛋白 H1 和染色质重塑因子的作用

在几个后生动物的早期胚胎发育过程中，大量的复制起点确保了准确的 DNA 复制。这保证了与快速细胞分裂相协调的快速基因组复制。在爪蟾中当细胞周期长度增加和基因转录开始时，该程序在称为中囊胚转换 (MBT) 的发育阶段切换到起源数量较少的胚胎。与此规定一致，体细胞核在转移到卵子时复制效果不佳，这表明在所有可用位点都存在抑制复制组装起点的表观遗传记忆。最近，研究表明组蛋白 H1 强加了一种非许可的染色质构型，阻止了体细胞核上的复制起点组装。这种体细胞状态可以被 FACT 复合体的一个亚基 SSRP1 擦除。在这里，我们进一步假设这种新形式的表观遗传记忆可能会影响脊椎动物生物学的不同领域，从核重编程到癌症发展。

更新日期：2020-12-22

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