In this study, an attempt is made to obtain porous activated carbon microspheres (ACMs) as supercapacitor electrodes by recycling waste novolak phenol formaldehyde (NPF) resins. These NPF-ACMs were prepared by a three-step procedure of hydrothermal synthesis, carbonization, and activation in turn. The effects of temperature, time, and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) addition on NPF-based microspheres were studied by the orthogonal method. The optimal preparation process of NPF-based microspheres was the following: 230 °C, 4 h, and a mass ratio of SDS: NPF of 24:1 by hydrothermal synthesis. Based on the above optimal conditions, NPF-ACMs were made, the yield of the microspheres after carbonization and chemical activation are 54% and 38%, and their electrochemical properties were analyzed. The NPF-ACMs had uniform size, a high surface area of 2528 m² g⁻¹, good dispersion, a low impedance of 0.46 Ω, highest specific capacitance of 118.6 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹, good rate capability with 79% retention from 0.1 to 10 A g⁻¹. Moreover, it showed high capacitance retention of 99.5% after 1000 cycles at a scan rate of 5 mV s⁻¹. The results showed that waste NPF can be used as promising ACMs of the electrode material to increase its utilization value.

在这项研究中，尝试通过回收废酚醛清漆酚醛树脂（NPF）来获得多孔活性炭微球（ACM）作为超级电容器电极。这些NPF-ACM通过依次进行水热合成，碳化和活化的三步程序制备。通过正交方法研究了温度，时间和十二烷基磺酸钠（SDS）的添加对基于NPF的微球的影响。基于NPF的微球的最佳制备工艺如下：230°C，4 h，通过水热合成，SDS：NPF的质量比为24：1。在上述最佳条件下，制备了NPF-ACM，碳化和化学活化后微球产率分别为54％和38％，并对其电化学性能进行了分析。NPF-ACM尺寸均匀，高表面积2528 m²克^-1，分散性好，0.46Ω的118.6 F G，最高比电容值的低阻抗^-1 0.5 A G ^-1，良好的倍率性能与79％的保留0.1〜10 A G ^-1。此外，在以5mV s ^-1的扫描速率进行1000次循环后，显示出99.5％的高电容保持率。结果表明，废NPF可用作电极材料的有前途的ACM，可以提高其利用率。