In an endeavor towards GHG neutrality, alternatives to fossil carbon resources are explored, such as the use of biomass carbon. Pyrolysis, a thermochemical process that can convert residual biomasses into liquid (bio-oil), solid (biochar) and gaseous (non-condensable gases) products is gaining increased attention, as it both supplies alternatives to fossil carbon while potentially inducing so-called negative emissions through the biochar. Yet, the pyrolysis technical and environmental performance is heavily dependent upon process operational parameters and biomass types. In the perspective of national strategic bioeconomy planning, this study presents an easily replicable consequential life cycle assessment (LCA) framework to quantify the environmental performance of a pyrolysis biorefinery where process conditions are documented, and boundaries expanded to consider the current use of the residual biomass. Results obtained from this method are intended to provide insights for evidence-based decision making towards investments in the low fossil carbon future. The proposed LCA framework was applied to a national case study for the use of primary forestry residues (PFR). Results showed that as compared to the reference scenario in which PFR are left on soil to decay, pyrolysing PFR to biocrude oil, wood vinegar, biochar and gas presents trade-offs in six out of the 16 impact categories studied. These results highlighted that the biomass feedstock supply, the pyrolysis technology, the co-products yields, properties and uses, as well as the choice of marginal technologies have an influence on the environmental performance of pyrolysis biorefineries.

为了实现温室气体中和，人们探索了化石碳资源的替代方法，例如生物质碳的使用。热解是一种热化学过程，可以将残留的生物质转化为液体（生物油），固体（生物炭）和气态（非冷凝性气体）产品，因为它既可以提供化石碳的替代品，又可以潜在地诱发所谓的所谓的碳氢化合物。通过生物炭产生的负排放。然而，热解技术和环境性能在很大程度上取决于工艺操作参数和生物质类型。从国家战略生物经济计划的角度来看，本研究提出了一种易于复制的结果生命周期评估（LCA）框架，用于量化记录了工艺条件的热解生物精炼厂的环境绩效，并扩大了边界以考虑剩余生物质的当前用途。通过这种方法获得的结果旨在为基于证据的决策制定低化石碳未来投资提供见识。拟议的LCA框架已应用于全国案例研究，以利用原始林业残留物（PFR）。结果表明，与将PFR留在土壤上腐烂的参考方案相比，将PFR热解为生物原油，木醋，生物炭和天然气的情况在所研究的16种影响类别中有6种是折衷的。这些结果表明，生物质原料的供应，热解技术，副产品的产量，性质和用途以及边际技术的选择都对热解生物精炼厂的环境绩效产生影响。