Abstract A new paleoclimate record from Cyprus gives valuable insights into climatic variations during Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 6–5 for the East Mediterranean region. Two stalagmites from Pentadactylos cave in the Kyrenia mountain range (800 m altitude) in Cyprus grew from 174.6 ± 0.7 to 112.2 ± 0.5 ka BP with major hiatuses at 163–142 and 132–128 ka. During early MIS6 the stalagmite suggests through a relatively low growth rate (57–5 mm/ka) and variable, but rather negative d18O that climate conditions were highly variable on a millennial scale, with wet and cold climate conditions during Sapropel 6 deposition. At the end of MIS6 (141–132 ka), growth rate varied from 123 to 18 mm/ka and less negative δ 18 O c suggests general dry/cold conditions followed by a growth stop during H11. The onset of MIS5e is marked by the highest growth rate (217 mm/ka). The most negative δ18O values at the onset and during the Eemian wet period in Cyprus are driven mostly by the source effect (Sapropel 5) and enhanced rainfall amounts. Stable conditions during MIS 5e were rather short as shown in the growth and isotopic signal, consistent with other EM records. After 122 ka, growth decreased drastically (8–2 mm/ka) and a slow deterioration of the soil cover is suggested from continuously less negative δ13C values. Fluid inclusion d18O shows a clear shift (4–5‰) between end-MIS 6 and MIS 5e. Clumped isotopes measurements indicate kinetic effects between calcite and water of up to ∼1‰. After correction for kinetic effects using Δ47, a minimum estimate for the MIS 6–5 temperature shift in the EM is ca. 9 °C. Similarly, drastic changes in rainfall amounts are inferred from measured (fluid inclusion) and calculated water d18O.

中文翻译：

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来自 Pentadactylos 洞穴（塞浦路斯）的 Speleothem 记录：对东地中海 MIS 6 和 MIS 5 期间气候变化的新见解

摘要 塞浦路斯的一项新古气候记录为东地中海地区海洋同位素阶段 (MIS) 6-5 期间的气候变化提供了宝贵的见解。来自塞浦路斯 Kyrenia 山脉（海拔 800 m）的 Pentadactylos 洞穴的两个石笋从 174.6 ± 0.7 增长到 112.2 ± 0.5 ka BP，主要中断时间为 163-142 和 132-128 ka。在早期的 MIS6 期间，石笋通过相对较低的增长率 (57-5 mm/ka) 和可变的，但相当负的 d18O 表明气候条件在千年尺度上变化很大，在腐殖质 6 沉积期间潮湿和寒冷的气候条件。在 MIS6 结束时（141–132 ka），生长速率从 123 到 18 mm/ka 不等，负值较小的 δ 18 O c 表明一般干燥/寒冷的条件随后在 H11 期间停止生长。MIS5e 的开始以最高的增长率 (217 mm/ka) 为标志。在塞浦路斯伊米亚湿润期开始和期间最负的 δ18O 值主要是由源效应（腐殖质 5）和增强的降雨量驱动的。MIS 5e 期间的稳定条件相当短，如生长和同位素信号所示，与其他 EM 记录一致。122 ka 之后，生长急剧下降（8-2 毫米/ka），并且从持续减少负 δ13C 值表明土壤覆盖缓慢恶化。流体包裹体 d18O 在末端 MIS 6 和 MIS 5e 之间显示出明显的偏移 (4–5‰)。聚集同位素测量表明方解石和水之间的动力学效应高达 1‰。使用 Δ47 校正动力学效应后，EM 中 MIS 6-5 温度偏移的最小估计值约为 9℃。相似地，