Abstract Most of approximately 1.8 billion people involved in agriculture protect their food products using pesticides especially insecticides which may remain in foods as pesticide residues. Among insecticides organophosphates such as malathion have been widely used around the world and others such as parathion has been restricted because of their toxicity. Carvacrol (CAR) is the main component of Satureja khuzestanica. Since chemical composition of foods can alter toxicity of pesticides, in this work, the effect of coadministration of CAR and organophosphates on renal function has been studied and compared with the effect of coadministration of carvacrol loaded beta cyclodextrin-alginate-chitosan (BAC) based nanoflowers. Serum levels of urea and creatinine and histological examination were analyzed after 10 days of administration of chemicals. Malathion and parathion significantly increased urea and creatinine and induced renal inflammation. However, coadministration of CAR or BAC-CAR modified urea and creatinine and improved renal inflammation. BAC-CAR modified serum levels of urea more efficient than CAR (P

中文翻译：

---

负载香芹酚的 β 环糊精-海藻酸盐-壳聚糖纳米花减轻马拉硫磷和对硫磷诱导的肾毒性：比较毒性

摘要 大约 18 亿从事农业的人中的大多数人使用杀虫剂来保护他们的食品，尤其是杀虫剂，这些杀虫剂可能作为杀虫剂残留在食品中。在杀虫剂中，有机磷如马拉硫磷已在世界范围内广泛使用，而其他如对硫磷等杀虫剂因其毒性而受到限制。香芹酚 (CAR) 是 Satureja khuzestanica 的主要成分。由于食物的化学成分可以改变农药的毒性，在这项工作中，研究了CAR和有机磷共同给药对肾功能的影响，并与共同给药负载香芹酚的β环糊精-海藻酸盐-壳聚糖（BAC）纳米花的影响进行了比较. 在施用化学品 10 天后分析尿素和肌酐的血清水平以及组织学检查。马拉硫磷和对硫磷显着增加尿素和肌酐并诱发肾脏炎症。然而，CAR或BAC-CAR的共同给药修饰尿素和肌酐并改善肾脏炎症。BAC-CAR 改良血清尿素水平比 CAR 更有效（P