Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique for diagnosis and treatment of various neurological conditions. However, the lack of realistic physical models to test the safety and efficacy of stimulation from magnetic fields generated by the coils has hindered the development of new TMS treatment and diagnosis protocols for several neurological conditions. We have developed an anatomically and geometrically accurate brain and head phantom with an adjustable electrical conductivity matching the average conductivity of white matter and grey matter of the human brain and the cerebrospinal fluid. The process of producing the phantom starts with segmenting the MRI images of the brain and then creating shells from the segmented and reconstructed model ready for 3-D printing and serving as a mold for the conductive polymer. Furthermore, we present SEM images and conductivity measurements of the conductive polymer composite as well as confirmation of the anatomical accuracy of the phantom with computed tomography (CT) images. Finally, we show the results of induced voltage measurements obtained from TMS on the brain phantom.

经颅磁刺激（TMS）是一种用于诊断和治疗各种神经系统疾病的非侵入性技术。然而，缺乏现实的物理模型来测试线圈产生的磁场刺激的安全性和有效性，已经阻碍了针对几种神经系统疾病的新型TMS治疗和诊断方案的开发。我们已经开发出了解剖学和几何学上准确的大脑和头部模型，具有可调节的电导率，与人脑和脑脊髓液的白质和灰质的平均电导率相匹配。产生体模的过程首先是对大脑的MRI图像进行分割，然后从分割后的重建模型中创建外壳，以准备进行3D打印并用作导电聚合物的模具。此外，我们介绍了SEM图像和导电聚合物复合材料的电导率测量，以及用计算机断层扫描（CT）图像确认体模的解剖学准确性。最后，我们显示了从TMS在脑模型上获得的感应电压测量结果。