Abstract Logistics sprawl is the phenomenon driving warehouses and freight terminals further and further away from city centers, for reasons that are mostly dependent on urban planning, field price and economies of scale. In the past, studies have already described logistics sprawl in Paris Metropolitan area. These studies have concluded that logistic facilities far from Paris city center increased the distance travelled, and by extension, CO2 emissions. This study does not question logistics sprawl in Paris metropolitan area but questions its consequences. This study presents a point of view on the location of cross-docking terminals. One main parcel service carrier was studied through a database strong of 600,000 inputs including pick-ups and deliveries for two months in the Paris metropolitan area. This study is not intended to be representative of all merchandise flows but makes it possible to understand the running of one significant actor. This project aims at determining the optimum terminals location according to two criteria: minimization of the total distance as calculated by the Euclidean distance (as the crow flies) between terminals and points of pick-up/ delivery, and the number of authorized terminals. The number of terminals is modified to study its relationship with the spatial distribution of its clients. Interestingly, we found that optimized locations for this parcel service carrier are located outside of Paris city center. Those locations minimize the total distance to the clients, and thus, are the best places to limit pollution. The reason is that the carrier manages this perimeter through a polycentric organization. Paris Metropolitan area is viewed as several sectors and not as a whole for this carrier. It is therefore unknown how the carrier's performance has evolved over time, but its current organization is close to the optimal situation.

中文翻译：

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物流扩张的后果：秩序还是混乱？- 以巴黎都会区的包裹服务公司为例

摘要 物流蔓延是导致仓库和货运码头越来越远离市中心的现象，其原因主要取决于城市规划、场地价格和规模经济。过去，研究已经描述了巴黎都会区的物流蔓延。这些研究得出的结论是，远离巴黎市中心的物流设施会增加行驶距离，进而增加二氧化碳排放量。本研究并未质疑巴黎大都市区的物流蔓延，而是质疑其后果。这项研究提出了关于交叉对接终端位置的观点。通过包含 600,000 条输入的强大数据库研究了一家主要的包裹服务承运商，其中包括巴黎大都市区两个月的取货和送货。这项研究并不打算代表所有商品流，而是可以了解一个重要参与者的运行情况。该项目旨在根据两个标准确定最佳终端位置：通过终端和取货/交付点之间的欧几里德距离（如乌鸦飞翔）计算的总距离的最小化，以及授权终端的数量。修改终端数量以研究其与客户空间分布的关系。有趣的是，我们发现该包裹服务承运商的优化位置位于巴黎市中心以外。这些位置最大限度地减少了与客户的总距离，因此是限制污染的最佳场所。原因是运营商通过多中心组织管理这个边界。巴黎都会区被视为多个部门，而不是该航空公司的整体。因此，不知道运营商的性能如何随时间演变，但其目前的组织已接近最佳状态。