Four semi-leafless pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars at the vegetative stage of growth were exposed to progressive soil drought, which lasted for 18 days until the plants began to wilt, after which a 7-day period of the recovery from stress followed, when plant watering was resumed. The soil drought negatively affected plant growth, slowing down the rate of shoot elongation, decreasing the accumulation of fresh and dry weight, inhibiting the development of new leaves, and delaying the flowering of plants. Changes in the levels of 41 polar metabolites (identified by GC-MS) were established by the GC-FID method in the shoot tip, stem, stipules and tendrils, separately. Drought caused re-arrangement in the metabolism in all parts of the pea shoot, leading to a significant increase in the content of total polar metabolites. Although changes in most metabolites in the same parts of shoot were not identical among the pea cultivars studied, some metabolites were uniformly accumulated until 18th day of drought and decreased after recovery. They were i) proline and malate in all, while myo-inositol in most parts of shoot (of all the pea cultivars), ii) sucrose and glycine in the shoot tip, iii) homoserine in the stem and iv) GABA in stipules. These findings signify that the pea adjustment to progressive soil drought includes both accumulation of osmolytes and osmoprotectants and translocation of some of them (proline, sucrose, myo-inositol) to the shoot tip, thereby protecting the youngest tissues from damage caused by water deficit.

中文翻译：

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半无叶豌豆 (Pisum sativum L.) 在持续土壤干旱和随后的重新浇水下的代谢分析


四个处于营养生长阶段的半无叶豌豆 (Pisum sativum L.) 品种暴露于渐进式土壤干旱中，持续 18 天直至植物开始枯萎，之后经过 7 天的时间从胁迫中恢复，当恢复植物浇水时。土壤干旱对植物生长产生负面影响，减慢芽的伸长速度，减少鲜重和干重的积累，抑制新叶的发育，延迟植物的开花。通过 GC-FID 方法分别确定了茎尖、茎、托叶和卷须中 41 种极性代谢物（通过 GC-MS 鉴定）水平的变化。干旱导致豌豆芽各部分代谢重新排列，导致总极性代谢物含量显着增加。尽管在所研究的豌豆品种中，地上部同一部位的大多数代谢物的变化并不相同，但一些代谢物在干旱第18天之前均匀积累，并在恢复后减少。它们分别是 i) 脯氨酸和苹果酸，而（所有豌豆品种）芽的大部分部分含有肌醇，ii) 芽尖中的蔗糖和甘氨酸，iii) 茎中的高丝氨酸和 iv) 托叶中的 GABA。这些发现表明，豌豆对渐进性土壤干旱的调整包括渗透调节剂和渗透保护剂的积累以及其中一些（脯氨酸、蔗糖、肌醇）转移到茎尖，从而保护最年轻的组织免受缺水造成的损害。