Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a growing body of evidence indicates that besides common COVID-19 symptoms, patients may develop various neurological manifestations affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as skeletal muscles. These manifestations can occur prior, during and even after the onset of COVID-19 general symptoms. In this Review, we discuss the possible neuroimmunological mechanisms underlying the nervous system and skeletal muscle involvement, and viral triggered neuroimmunological conditions associated with SARS-CoV-2, as well as therapeutic approaches that have been considered for these specific complications worldwide.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2 与神经系统：从发病机制到临床表现


自 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行以来，由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起，越来越多的证据表明，除了常见的 COVID-19 症状外，患者还可能出现各种影响神经系统的表现中枢和周围神经系统以及骨骼肌。这些表现可能发生在 COVID-19 一般症状出现之前、期间甚至之后。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了神经系统和骨骼肌受累背后可能的神经免疫学机制，以及与 SARS-CoV-2 相关的病毒引发的神经免疫学病症，以及全球范围内针对这些特定并发症考虑的治疗方法。