Abstract Methane hydrate (MH) has been considered as the cleanest energy resource. Its huge resource reserve and high energy density have attracted widespread attention in the scientific field. The dynamic behavior of MH formation and the resulting hydrate saturation are greatly influenced by the conditions of the formation process, such as water-gas ratio (WGR), pressure (P) and temperature (T) and the mass fraction of NaCl (XNaCl). To gain a better understanding of the kinetic behavior of the in-situ MH deposits, a novel tri-axial horizon fixed bed reactor was set up to synthesize MH samples under typical marine conditions. A series of MH formation experiments were conducted under similar initial stress conditions (initial tri-axial stress of 16.50 MPa to simulate the overburden stress of marine MH) while perturbing the other key factors (WGR, P, T and XNaCl) to investigate their effects. The results show that MH saturation attained at the end of formation from an initial water-gas mixing condition was negatively affected by initial WGR, T and the existence of NaCl. MH formation in the fixed bed reactor increases initial XNaCl = 3.0 wt% to a maximum of XNaCl = 5.29 wt% and shifts the MH equilibrium curve to a more stringent condition for MH formation. Higher pressure promotes CH4 conversion to MH and increases MH saturation from the start of gas injection to the time when the pressure of the reactor was stable (ΔP

中文翻译：

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三轴条件下石英砂甲烷水合物形成实验研究

摘要 甲烷水合物（MH）被认为是最清洁的能源。其巨大的资源储量和高能量密度引起了科学界的广泛关注。MH 形成的动态行为和由此产生的水合物饱和度受形成过程条件的影响很大，例如水气比 (WGR)、压力 (P) 和温度 (T) 以及 NaCl 的质量分数 (XNaCl) . 为了更好地了解原位 MH 沉积物的动力学行为，建立了一种新型的三轴水平固定床反应器，以在典型的海洋条件下合成 MH 样品。在类似的初始应力条件（16.50 MPa 的初始三轴应力以模拟海洋 MH 上覆应力）同时扰动其他关键因素（WGR、P、T 和 XNaCl) 来研究它们的影响。结果表明，初始水气混合条件在地层末期达到的 MH 饱和度受到初始 WGR、T 和 NaCl 的存在的负面影响。固定床反应器中的 MH 形成将初始 XNaCl = 3.0 wt% 增加到 XNaCl = 5.29 wt% 的最大值，并将 MH 平衡曲线移动到更严格​​的 MH 形成条件。较高的压力促进 CH4 转化为 MH 并增加从气体注入开始到反应器压力稳定时的 MH 饱和度（ΔP 固定床反应器中的 MH 形成将初始 XNaCl = 3.0 wt% 增加到 XNaCl = 5.29 wt% 的最大值，并将 MH 平衡曲线移动到更严格​​的 MH 形成条件。较高的压力促进 CH4 转化为 MH 并增加从气体注入开始到反应器压力稳定时的 MH 饱和度（ΔP 固定床反应器中的 MH 形成将初始 XNaCl = 3.0 wt% 增加到 XNaCl = 5.29 wt% 的最大值，并将 MH 平衡曲线移动到更严格​​的 MH 形成条件。较高的压力促进 CH4 转化为 MH 并增加从气体注入开始到反应器压力稳定时的 MH 饱和度（ΔP