A first episode of acquired demyelinating disorder (ADS) in children is a diagnostic challenge as different diseases can express similar clinical features. Recently, antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) have emerged as a new ADS biomarker, which clearly allow the identification of monophasic and relapsing ADS forms different from MS predominantly in children. Due to the novelty of this antibody there are still challenges and controversies about its pathogenicity and best technique to detect it. In this manuscript we will discuss the recommendations and caveats on MOG antibody assays, role in the pathogenesis, and additionally discuss the usefulness of other potential new biomarkers in MOG-antibody associated disorders (MOGAD).

中文翻译：

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欧盟儿科 MOG 联盟共识：第 3 部分 – 儿科髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病的生物标志物

儿童获得性脱髓鞘疾病 (ADS) 的首次发作是一项诊断挑战，因为不同的疾病可以表现出相似的临床特征。最近，针对髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白 (MOG) 的抗体已成为一种新的 ADS 生物标志物，它清楚地允许识别主要在儿童中不同于 MS 的单相和复发性 ADS 形式。由于这种抗体的新颖性，关于其致病性和检测它的最佳技术仍然存在挑战和争议。在这份手稿中，我们将讨论 MOG 抗体检测的建议和注意事项、在发病机制中的作用，并另外讨论其他潜在的新生物标志物在 MOG 抗体相关疾病 (MOGAD) 中的有用性。