Chromosomes are selectively organized within the nuclei of interphase cells reflecting the current fate of each cell and are reorganized in response to various physiological cues to maintain homeostasis. Although substantial progress is being made to establish the various patterns of genome architecture, less is understood on how chromosome folding/positioning is achieved. Here, we discuss recent insights into the cellular mechanisms dictating chromatin movements including the use of epigenetic modifications and allosterically regulated transcription factors, as well as a nucleoskeleton system comprised of actin, myosin, and actin-binding proteins. Together, these nuclear factors help coordinate the positioning of both general and cell-specific genomic architectural features.

染色体在间期细胞的细胞核中选择性地组织，反映每个细胞的当前命运，并根据各种生理线索进行重组以维持体内平衡。尽管在建立各种基因组结构模式方面取得了实质性进展，但对如何实现染色体折叠/定位的了解较少。在这里，我们讨论了对决定染色质运动的细胞机制的最新见解，包括使用表观遗传修饰和变构调节的转录因子，以及由肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白和肌动蛋白结合蛋白组成的核骨架系统。总之，这些核因素有助于协调一般和细胞特异性基因组结构特征的定位。